Neonatal hypothyroxinemia: effects of iodine intake and premature birth

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
S AresGabriella Morreale de Escobar

Abstract

We have investigated the effects of iodine (I) intake on urinary I excretion in preterm (PT) babies up to 2 months after birth and its effect on serum T4, free T4 (FT4), T3, TSH, and thyroglobulin (Tg) levels compared to those in term (T) newborns. Very premature and very sick infants were in negative I balance for the first weeks after birth. Later, these same infants, as well as the other PT and T newborns, were in positive balance; 75- 80% of the ingested I was not accounted for in the urine. The urinary I levels of PT and T neonates cannot be equated to their I intakes. T4, FT4, and T3 levels in PT and T neonates increased with postmenstrual age, whereas Tg decreased and TSH did not change. Serum FT4, T3, Tg, and TSH levels in PT neonates were affected negatively, independently from age, by a low I intake. PT birth also affected T4, FT4, and Tg negatively, independently from I intake and postmenstrual age, for at least 6-8 weeks after birth. Care should be taken to avoid I deficiency in PT neonates. However, even when I intake is adequate, PT newborns are hypothyroxinemic compared to T babies during an important period of brain development. This suggests the possible convenience of interventions that might mimic the intraut...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 23, 2002·Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition·A L Ogilvy-Stuart
Feb 18, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Mandy B BelfortRosalind S Brown
Jan 23, 2014·Nutrients·Paolo GhirriAntonio Boldrini
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Nov 15, 2008·Seminars in Perinatology·Gabriella Morreale de EscobarFrancisco Escobar del Rey
Nov 15, 2008·Seminars in Perinatology·Fiona L R Williams, Robert Hume
Nov 15, 2008·Seminars in Perinatology·Susana AresGabriella Morreale de Escobar
May 26, 2004·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Gabriella Morreale de EscobarFrancisco Escobar del Rey
Dec 5, 2006·Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie·A Cartault GrandmottetJ-P Salles
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Feb 11, 2015·Molecular Neurobiology·Hui MinJie Chen
Feb 26, 2019·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Verena WalshWilliam McGuire

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