Neural cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily: role in axon growth and guidance

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
F S Walsh, P Doherty

Abstract

NCAM, L1, and DCC--immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecules (Ig CAMs)--are widely expressed during development. Many workers have dismissed a role for such molecules in the control of axonal growth and guidance because they do not show highly restricted expression patterns. Yet evidence from a number of model systems suggests all three CAMs play a role in the development of specific projections in the nervous system. For example, there is a reduction in mossy fiber tracts in the hippocampus of mice that lack NCAM, a requirement for DCC in the response of commissural neurons to a floor plate-derived chemoattractant, and a loss of corticospinal tracts in humans who carry mutations in the L1 gene. The above paradox might be explained by the observation that differential post-translational processing can modulate CAMs function and that alternative splicing can generate functionally distinct isoforms of a CAM. Activation of the FGF tyrosine kinase receptor is required for the responses stimulated by NCAM and L1, and the importance of regulated tyrosine phosphorylation for growth and guidance is underscored by the involvement of receptor tyrosine phosphatases in this process.

References

Oct 1, 1992·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·M H GinsbergE F Plow
Oct 1, 1992·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·P Doherty, F S Walsh
Jul 1, 1992·Journal of Neurobiology·M C BrownV H Perry
Jan 1, 1991·Annual Review of Neuroscience·L F Reichardt, K J Tomaselli
Feb 1, 1991·The Journal of Cell Biology·E T StoeckliP Sonderegger
Mar 1, 1990·Developmental Biology·J Drazba, V Lemmon
Jan 1, 1988·Annual Review of Immunology·A F Williams, A N Barclay
Jul 7, 1988·Nature·M MatsunagaM Takeichi
Dec 1, 1986·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J J HemperlyB A Cunningham
Jan 1, 1983·Annual Review of Physiology·D Purves, J W Lichtman
Feb 1, 1995·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·R J Keynes, G M Cook
Mar 1, 1995·The European Journal of Neuroscience·M FruttigerR Martini
Sep 29, 1995·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·E P ScheideggerJ B Lowe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 17, 2000·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·J Z Barlow, G W Huntley
Jun 15, 2001·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·E NediviH T Cline
Mar 14, 2002·Journal of Neurobiology·Su ChengVincent Rehder
Mar 21, 2001·Journal of Neurobiology·Y S KimM F VanBerkum
Feb 4, 2010·Molecular Neurobiology·Marco PiccininiAlessandro Prinetti
Feb 17, 2010·Journal of Ocular Biology, Diseases, and Informatics·Peter Kozulin, Jan M Provis
Jan 7, 2004·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Lyuji TsujiMasaya Tohyama
Nov 25, 2003·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Mary PackardVivian Budnik
Feb 13, 2001·Brain Research·B RolfU Bartsch
Jun 12, 2001·Physiology & Behavior·H ShenJ D Glass
Aug 29, 2000·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·A HachisukaJ Sawada
Jul 12, 2003·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·Shigeru YamadaKatsuya Nagai
Jul 20, 2002·Trends in Neurosciences·Brian A Tsui-PierchalaEugene M Johnson
Jan 21, 2000·Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research·C S RicardM R Hernandez
Dec 1, 2001·Progress in Neurobiology·S D SkaperF S Walsh
Sep 17, 2002·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·Doris Wedlich
Oct 6, 1999·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·A Chisholm, M Tessier-Lavigne
Jul 8, 1999·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·H J Song, M M Poo
Aug 10, 2001·Current Opinion in Structural Biology·D Leckband
Dec 28, 1999·Trends in Cell Biology·R O Hynes
Apr 5, 2000·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·M R Hernandez
May 22, 2003·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology·Youli HuPierre-Marc G Bouloux
Feb 18, 2004·Nature Reviews. Cancer·Ugo Cavallaro, Gerhard Christofori
Nov 20, 2004·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Carmen Sandi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
NMR
transfection
glycosylation

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Brain

Cell adhesion molecules found on cell surface help cells bind with other cells or the extracellular matrix to maintain structure and function. Here is the latest research on their role in the brain.

Cell Signaling by Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. RTKs have been shown not only to be key regulators of normal cellular processes but also to have a critical role in the development and progression of many types of cancer. Discover the latest research on cell signaling and RTK here.

Adhesion Molecules in Health and Disease

Cell adhesion molecules are a subset of cell adhesion proteins located on the cell surface involved in binding with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in the process called cell adhesion. In essence, cell adhesion molecules help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Cell adhesion is a crucial component in maintaining tissue structure and function. Discover the latest research on adhesion molecule and their role in health and disease here.

Biophysics of Adhesion

Alterations in cell adhesion can disrupt important cellular processes and lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer and arthritis. It is also essential for infectious organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, to cause diseases. Understanding the biophysics of cell adhesion can help understand these diseases. Discover the latest research on the biophysics of adhesion here.

Astrocytes & Neurodegeneration

Astrocytes are important for the health and function of the central nervous system. When these cells stop functioning properly, either through gain of function or loss of homeostatic controls, neurodegenerative diseases can occur. Here is the latest research on astrocytes and neurodegeneration.

Cadherins and Catenins

Cadherins (named for "calcium-dependent adhesion") are a type of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) that is important in the formation of adherens junctions to bind cells with each other. Catenins are a family of proteins found in complexes with cadherin cell adhesion molecules of animal cells: alpha-catenin can bind to β-catenin and can also bind actin. β-catenin binds the cytoplasmic domain of some cadherins. Discover the latest research on cadherins and catenins here.

Adherens Junctions

An adherens junction is defined as a cell junction whose cytoplasmic face is linked to the actin cytoskeleton. They can appear as bands encircling the cell (zonula adherens) or as spots of attachment to the extracellular matrix (adhesion plaques). Adherens junctions uniquely disassemble in uterine epithelial cells to allow the blastocyst to penetrate between epithelial cells. Discover the latest research on adherens junctions here.

Alternative splicing

Alternative splicing a regulated gene expression process that allows a single genetic sequence to code for multiple proteins. Here is that latest research.

Astrocytes

Astrocytes are glial cells that support the blood-brain barrier, facilitate neurotransmission, provide nutrients to neurons, and help repair damaged nervous tissues. Here is the latest research.

Calcium & Bioenergetics

Bioenergetic processes, including cellular respiration and photosynthesis, concern the transformation of energy by cells. Here is the latest research on the role of calcium in bioenergetics.

Cell Migration

Cell migration is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, cancer metastasis, blood vessel formation and remoulding, tissue regeneration, immune surveillance and inflammation. Here is the latest research.

Brain developing: Influences & Outcomes

This feed focuses on influences that affect the developing brain including genetics, fetal development, prenatal care, and gene-environment interactions. Here is the latest research in this field.