Neural correlates of weighted reward prediction error during reinforcement learning classify response to cognitive behavioral therapy in depression

Science Advances
Filippo QueirazzaMarios G Philiastides

Abstract

While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder, only up to 45% of depressed patients will respond to it. At present, there is no clinically viable neuroimaging predictor of CBT response. Notably, the lack of a mechanistic understanding of treatment response has hindered identification of predictive biomarkers. To obtain mechanistically meaningful fMRI predictors of CBT response, we capitalize on pretreatment neural activity encoding a weighted reward prediction error (RPE), which is implicated in the acquisition and processing of feedback information during probabilistic learning. Using a conventional mass-univariate fMRI analysis, we demonstrate that, at the group level, responders exhibit greater pretreatment neural activity encoding a weighted RPE in the right striatum and right amygdala. Crucially, using multivariate methods, we show that this activity offers significant out-of-sample classification of treatment response. Our findings support the feasibility and validity of neurocomputational approaches to treatment prediction in psychiatry.

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Citations

Jul 30, 2020·Nature Communications·Marco K WittmannMatthew F S Rushworth
Oct 8, 2020·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Adina S FischerIan H Gotlib
Feb 26, 2021·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Shijing WangSakina J Rizvi
Mar 13, 2021·Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports·Camilla L Nord
Mar 25, 2021·Annual Review of Neuroscience·Marios G PhiliastidesPaul Sajda
Nov 12, 2021·Neurobiology of Stress·Joana CarvalheiroAna Seara-Cardoso

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Software Mentioned

FNIRT
FSL ( FMRIB
lme4
CIS
optunity
Presentation
R
R package pROC
FMRIB
FLAME1 FSL

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