Neurobiology, not artifacts: Challenges and guidelines for imaging the high risk infant

NeuroImage
Kristina Denisova

Abstract

The search for the brain-basis of atypical development in human infants is challenging because the process of imaging and the generation of the MR signal itself relies on assumptions that reflect biophysical properties of the brain tissue. These assumptions are not inviolate, have been questioned by recent empirical evidence from high risk infant-sibling studies, and to date remain largely underexamined at the between-group level. In particular, I consider recent work showing that infants at High vs. Low familial risk (HR vs. LR, respectively) for developing Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have atypical patterns of head movements during an MR scan that are functionally important-they are linked to future learning trajectories in toddlerhood. Addressing head movement issues in neuroimaging analyses in infant research as well as understanding the causes of these movements from a developmental perspective requires acknowledging the complexity of this endeavor. For example, head movement signatures in infants can interact with experimental task conditions (such as listening to language compared to sleeping), autism risk, and age. How can new knowledge about newborns' individual, subject-specific behavioral differences which may imp...Continue Reading

Citations

May 19, 2020·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Jessica DuboisManon J N L Benders
Apr 21, 2021·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Kristina Denisova
May 28, 2019·Brain and Language·Kristina Denisova
Mar 19, 2021·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Michael EyreA David Edwards

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