Neurobiology of mood-state shifts in bipolar disorder: a selective review and a hypothesis

Harvard Review of Psychiatry
Roscoe BradyMatcheri Keshavan

Abstract

Neuroimaging techniques have begun to elucidate the neurophysiology of bipolar disorder (BPD). Several features of BPD have hindered understanding of how mood-state changes are reflected in changes in brain physiology. Longitudinal studies have advantages in isolating state-related changes and in studying the instability, inherent in these disorders, that gives rise to pathological mood states. To assess the state of the art in longitudinal neuroimaging studies in BPD, we conducted a literature review, searching MEDLINE for articles that included the key words bipolar disorder and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or emission tomography. The search was limited to studies with multiple subjects at two distinct and defined mood states. This search yielded eight MRS studies, four functional MRI studies, and three positron emission tomography studies. Although longitudinally designed studies allow for the isolation of biomarkers of mood state (including euthymia), the current literature is hampered by a lack of replication between studies. The current body of longitudinal BPD imaging studies is heterogeneous and incomplete, and does not lend itself to the construction of an explanatory model o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 17, 2016·Comprehensive Psychiatry·Ravi Philip Rajkumar
Mar 31, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Jared W Young, Davide Dulcis
Jul 1, 2016·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Jeffrey M SpielbergAmit Anand
Oct 23, 2016·Journal of Affective Disorders·Hiroko KuboTetsuro Ohmori
Jan 3, 2021·European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience·Li ZhangKai Wang

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Bipolar disorder is characterized by manic and/or depressive episodes and associated with uncommon shifts in mood, activity levels, and energy. Discover the latest research this illness here.