Neurochemical alterations in asymptomatic abstinent cocaine users: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Biological Psychiatry
L ChangP Satz

Abstract

Cocaine can cause a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurobehavioral complications; however, it is uncertain whether cocaine causes persistent cerebral structural and neurochemical abnormalities in asymptomatic users. We studied 52 African-American men (26 human immunodeficiency virus-negative asymptomatic heavy cocaine users and 26 normal subjects). Ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR) and white matter lesions (WML) were quantified on magnetic resonance imaging. N-acetyl-containing compounds (NA), total creatine, choline-containing compounds, myo-inositol, and glutamate + glutamine were measured with in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, VBR and WML were not significantly different in the cocaine users compared to the normal controls. Elevated creatine (+7%; p = .05) and myo-inositol (+18%; p = .01) in the white matter were associated with cocaine use. NA, primarily a measure of N-acetyl aspartate and neuronal content, was normal. Normal NA suggest no neuronal loss or damage in the brain regions examined in these cocaine users. Therefore, we conclude that neurochemical abnormalities observed might result from alterations in nonneuronal brain tissue.

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Citations

May 15, 2013·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Linda ChangThomas Ernst
May 3, 2012·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Lianne SchmaalAnna E Goudriaan
May 20, 2006·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Dawn N AlbertsonMichael J Bannon
Jan 4, 2008·ILAR Journal·Michael A Nader, Paul W Czoty
Mar 6, 2010·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Stephanie C Licata, Perry F Renshaw
Jul 13, 2006·Neurotoxicology and Teratology·Diana L Dow-EdwardsL R Stanford
Sep 13, 2013·The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry·Mark J NiciuCarlos A Zarate
Feb 13, 2002·Biological Psychiatry·In Kyoon Lyoo, Perry F Renshaw
Dec 5, 2013·The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry·Alexei VerkhratskyLuca Steardo
Apr 26, 2005·Addiction Biology·Michael BannonDawn Albertson
Oct 3, 1999·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·L ChangR E Poland
Oct 27, 2021·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Paul FaulknerPaul Allen
Jul 18, 2019·Molecular Neuropsychiatry·Eric A WoodcockKelly P Cosgrove

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