Neurocognitive Effects of Antiretroviral Initiation Among People Living With HIV in Rural Uganda.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS
Alyssa VecchioLeah H Rubin

Abstract

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remain prevalent despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), but there are limited longitudinal data on people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined neuropsychological (NP) performance in PLWH in a longitudinal study in Uganda. Participants enrolled through the Rakai Community Cohort Study (400 ART-naive PLWH and 400 matched HIV-negative persons) were administered NP assessments. In 2017, PLWH who had initiated ART underwent a 2-year follow-up assessment. Demographically adjusted Z-scores for each NP test were established using data from the HIV- controls. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were conducted to examine group differences in NP performance. Mixed-effects regressions were conducted to examine ART-related changes in NP outcomes. Of 333 PLWH who returned for their 2-year follow-up visit, 312 (94%) had initiated ART. Those on ART had a mean age of 35.6 years (SD ± 8.5 years) and mean education of 5.4 years (SD ± 3.3 years); 49% were women. ART-associated NP improvements occurred in verbal learning and memory (P's < 0.05), motor (P's < 0.01), and some measures of processing speed (P = 0.002), whereas there were declines in attention/working memory...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1977·American Journal of Epidemiology·M M WeissmanB Z Locke
Mar 24, 2004·Neuropsychologia·Steven Paul WoodsUNKNOWN HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center (HNRC) Group
Mar 4, 2005·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Colleen P MillikinSean B Rourke
Jul 15, 2006·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Kevin R RobertsonRichard W Price
Mar 11, 2011·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Lucette A CysiqueUNKNOWN HNRC Group
May 3, 2012·BMC Neurology·Bianca Stubbe-DrgerUNKNOWN German Competence Network HIV/AIDS
Jun 5, 2012·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·K RobertsonUNKNOWN AIDS Clinical Trials Group
Sep 29, 2012·Antiviral Therapy·Cecilia M ShikumaVictor G Valcour
Nov 2, 2012·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Jodi HeapsJintanat Ananworanich
Nov 2, 2014·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Robert K HeatonUNKNOWN CHARTER Group
Sep 27, 2015·Journal of Neurovirology·Qing MaUNKNOWN CHARTER Group
Mar 12, 2016·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Deanna SaylorJustin C McArthur
Apr 8, 2017·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jonathan UnderwoodUNKNOWN Comorbidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) Collaboration
Dec 14, 2018·Scientific Reports·Georgette D KanmogneRobert K Heaton

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.