Neuroendocrine immuno-ontogeny of the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse

ILAR Journal
F Homo-Delarche

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are destroyed. The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is one of the rare spontaneous models that enable the study of prediabetic pancreatic events. The etiology of the autoimmune attack in human and animal T1D is still unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are involved in both cases. Although several autoantigens have been identified and defective immune-system regulation is implicated, this information does not satisfactorily explain the generally accepted beta-cell specificity of the disease or how so many and diverse environmental factors intervene in its pathogenesis. Based on data obtained from evaluating glucose homeostasis in a variety of situations, particularly stress and cytokine administration, in young prediabetic NOD mice, the author hypothesizes that the islet of Langerhans is a major actor, and its altered regulation through environmentally induced insulin resistance might reveal latent T1D. It is also postulated that T1D pathogenesis might be linked to abnormal pancreas development, probably due to disturbances of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)+ innervation phagocytosi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2010·Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine·A E ProshchinaYu S Krivova
Jul 2, 2004·ILAR Journal·Stephen W Barthold
Dec 13, 2007·Neuroimmunomodulation·Mario CalafatClaudia Pérez Leirós
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Aug 13, 2010·The Review of Diabetic Studies : RDS·Josiane CoulaudFrancoise Homo-Delarche
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Jan 6, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Hubert TsuiHans-Michael Dosch
Dec 19, 2006·Cell·Helene Bour-Jordan, Jeffrey A Bluestone

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