Neuroimaging Biomarkers of mTOR Inhibition on Vascular and Metabolic Functions in Aging Brain and Alzheimer's Disease

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Jennifer LeeAi-Ling Lin

Abstract

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a nutrient sensor of eukaryotic cells. Inhibition of mechanistic mTOR signaling can increase life and health span in various species via interventions that include rapamycin and caloric restriction (CR). In the central nervous system, mTOR inhibition demonstrates neuroprotective patterns in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by preserving mitochondrial function and reducing amyloid beta retention. However, the effects of mTOR inhibition for in vivo brain physiology remain largely unknown. Here, we review recent findings of in vivo metabolic and vascular measures using non-invasive, multimodal neuroimaging methods in rodent models for brain aging and AD. Specifically, we focus on pharmacological treatment (e.g., rapamycin) for restoring brain functions in animals modeling human AD; nutritional interventions (e.g., CR and ketogenic diet) for enhancing brain vascular and metabolic functions in rodents at young age (5-6 months of age) and preserving those functions in aging (18-20 months of age). Various magnetic resonance (MR) methods [i.e., imaging (MRI), angiography (MRA), and spectroscopy (MRS)], confocal microscopic imaging, and positron emission tomography (PET) provided in vivo m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 3, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Yan QiJinyong Peng
May 28, 2019·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Devin WahlDavid G Le Couteur
Nov 30, 2019·Drug Development Research·Eran Schmukler, Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques
confocal microscopy
transgenic

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