PMID: 8959456Nov 1, 1996Paper

Neuropathophysiology of movement disorders in cerebral palsy

Journal of Child Neurology
F M Filloux

Abstract

Recent developments in understanding the pathophysiology of disordered motor control in cerebral palsy are reviewed. In spastic cerebral palsy, evidence for abnormal segmental as well as supraspinal control of motor neuron output exists. Impaired Ia inhibition of antagonist muscles has been suggested but recently contested. Evidence also supports the role of decreased presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents and decreased nonreciprocal Ib inhibition. Furthermore, early cerebral injury results in reorganization of supraspinal (corticospinal) inputs to motor neuron pools. In extrapyramidal cerebral palsy, injury of basal ganglia or thalamus has been demonstrated. A scheme for understanding the neurochemical circuitry of the extrapyramidal system is discussed. Animal models and certain specific human diseases provide examples of how this circuitry may be disturbed, thereby resulting in an imbalance between the direct and indirect striatal output systems and in impaired motor control. Future studies employing postmortem neurochemical analysis, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomographic scanning may foster progress in this area.

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Citations

Apr 25, 2012·The Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume·M de BruinM Kreulen
Mar 20, 2002·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports·R T Schapiro
Jul 9, 2020·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Claudia PasqualiFrancesco Sala
Apr 19, 2008·Experimental Brain Research·Wolfgang TaubeAlbert Gollhofer
Sep 22, 2001·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·S R HintzD A Boas
Mar 2, 2002·Neuroscience Letters·A J A de LouwJ S H Vles
Mar 7, 2006·The Journal of Hand Surgery·Robert E Bunata

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