PMID: 9163279Mar 1, 1997Paper

Neuroprotection by ketamine at the cellular level

Der Anaesthesist
E Pfenninger, S Himmelseher

Abstract

A key question in cellular neuroprotection is how pharmacologic agents may protect neurons when applied after injury in clinically relevant concentrations. Of special importance is the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist ketamine, which offers the potential for regulation of intracellular calcium levels and pathophysiological NO induction by blocking excessive NMDA-receptor stimulation. This may reduce progressive neuronal degeneration and cell death. Initial evidence for ketamine's neuroprotective effects came from cell culture studies demonstrating increased neuronal and astroglial viability, preserved cellular morphology, and reduced cell swelling subsequent to anoxia-hypoxia or glutamate injury and ketamine application. Moreover, ketamine was found to protect cellular energy status after ischaemic insults and maintained ATP production, glucose metabolism, and mitochondrial transmembrane potentials. Subsequent studies have revealed ketamine's regulating effects on intracellular ion homeostasis, thus stabilising neuronal electrophysiological functions. In addition, ketamine was reported to maintain a glutamate-associated induction of intrinsic-neuronal protective nerve growth factors, and recent evidence suggests that S(+)...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 21, 2020·Anesthesiology Research and Practice·Abby PribishArun Kalava
Jan 27, 2004·Medicinski pregled·Dragana Radovanović, Miroslava Pjević
Feb 18, 2005·Journal of Korean Medical Science·Soo Joo ChoiMi Sook Gwak
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Oct 24, 2013·Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery·Marco A GradosDiandra Fortune
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Jan 8, 2021·Critical Care : the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum·Daniel Agustin GodoyChiara Robba

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