Neuroprotective mechanisms of dieckol against glutamate toxicity through reactive oxygen species scavenging and nuclear factor-like 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway

The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology : Official Journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology
Yanji CuiSu-Yong Eun

Abstract

Glutamate toxicity-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal cell death are involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases as well as acute brain ischemia/stroke. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective mechanism of dieckol (DEK), one of the phlorotannins isolated from the marine brown alga Ecklonia cava, against glutamate toxicity. Primary cortical neurons (100 µM, 24 h) and HT22 neurons (5 mM, 12 h) were stimulated with glutamate to induce glutamate toxic condition. The results demonstrated that DEK treatment significantly increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner (1-50 µM) and recovered morphological deterioration in glutamate-stimulated neurons. In addition, DEK strongly attenuated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial overload of Ca2+ and ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) disruption, adenine triphosphate depletion. DEK showed free radical scavenging activity in the cell-free system. Furthermore, DEK enhanced protein expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an important anti-oxidant enzyme, via the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2). Taken together, we conclude that DEK exerts neuroprotective activities against glutamate to...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 20, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Menizibeya O Welcome, Nikos E Mastorakis
Dec 4, 2020·Aging and Disease·Anwen ShaoJianmin Zhang
Aug 10, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Durairaj Karthick RajanAbirami Ramu Ganesan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
column chromatography
flow cytometry
confocal microscopy
nuclear translocation

Software Mentioned

Flow View

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