Neuroprotective strategies following perinatal hypoxia-ischemia: Taking aim at NOS

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Martin AlbrechtCacha Peeters-Scholte

Abstract

Perinatal asphyxia is characterized by oxygen deprivation and lack of perfusion in the perinatal period, leading to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and sequelae such as cerebral palsy, mental retardation, cerebral visual impairment, epilepsy and learning disabilities. On cellular level PA is associated with a decrease in oxygen and glucose leading to ATP depletion and a compromised mitochondrial function. Upon reoxygenation and reperfusion, the renewed availability of oxygen gives rise to not only restoration of cell function, but also to the activation of multiple detrimental biochemical pathways, leading to secondary energy failure and ultimately, cell death. The formation of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite plays a central role in the development of subsequent neurological damage. In this review we give insight into the pathophysiology of perinatal asphyxia, discuss its clinical relevance and summarize current neuroprotective strategies related to therapeutic hypothermia, ischemic postconditioning and pharmacological interventions. The review will also focus on the possible neuroprotective actions and molecular mechanisms of the selective neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 2-iminobi...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 25, 2019·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Philippe BonninNathalie Kubis
Apr 17, 2020·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Marianela RodríguezRafael Radi
Jan 21, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Hadi MohsenpourMohammad Hosein Farzaei
Apr 27, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Manuel Rey-FunesAlfredo Martínez
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Agata TarkowskaRyszard Pluta

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