Neurosphere formation enhances the neurogenic differentiation potential and migratory ability of umbilical cord-mesenchymal stromal cells
Abstract
The human umbilical cord (UC) is a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which have been reported to have multi-lineage potential. The objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics and capacity of UC-MSC neurosphere formation and whether this event enhances the propensity of UC-MSCs to undergo neural differentiation. UC-MSCs were collected by the improved explant method. UC-MSCs and neurosphere-forming UC-MSCs (UC-MSC-neurospheres) were induced to undergo neurogenic differentiation, the latter of which were induced by suspension culturing in the presence of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. The differentiation and migratory capacities of the individual cultures were then compared on the basis of the expression of neural markers, as measured by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and transwell assays, respectively. Both UC-MSCs and UC-MSC-neurospheres were capable of differentiating into neurogenic cells when cultured in neurogenic differentiation medium. However, pre-conditioned UC-MSC-neurospheres exhibited significantly higher expression of neural markers--including microtubule-associated protein (MAP2), MUSASHI1, glia...Continue Reading
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