New approaches to toxicity: a seven-gas predictive model and toxicant suppressants

Drug and Chemical Toxicology
B C Levin

Abstract

Two new research approaches in combustion toxicology are: 1. the prediction of smoke toxicity from mathematical equations, which are empirically derived from, experiments on the toxicological interactions of complex fire gas mixtures and 2. the use of toxicant suppressants in materials or products to prevent the formation of toxic combustion products. The predictive approach consists of burning materials using a bench-scale method that simulates realistic fire conditions, measuring the concentrations of the primary fire gases--CO, CO2, low O2, HCN, HCl, HBr, and NO2--and predicting the toxicity of the smoke using either the 6- or 7-gas N-Gas Model. These models are based on the results of toxicological studies of these primary gases as individual gases and as complex mixtures. The predicted toxic potency is checked with a small number of animal (Fischer 344 male rats) tests to assure that an unanticipated toxic gas is not generated or an unexpected synergistic or antagonistic effect has not occurred. The results indicate if the smoke from a material or product is extremely toxic (based on mass consumed at the predicted toxic level) or unusually toxic (based on the gases deemed responsible). The predictions based on bench-scale ...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1987·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·B C LevinS E Harris
May 1, 1985·Special Care in Dentistry : Official Publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry·G C Kress, G C Vidmar
Nov 1, 1991·Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·Barbara C LevinSusannah B Schiller

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Citations

Mar 26, 2010·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Heather B LeavesleyGary E Isom
Mar 4, 2006·Inhalation Toxicology·James H StuhmillerLouise M Stuhmiller
Oct 12, 2005·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Fatma LestariAmanda J Hayes

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