New aspect of plant-rhizobia interaction: alkaloid biosynthesis in Crotalaria depends on nodulation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Simon IrmerDietrich Ober

Abstract

Infection of legume hosts by rhizobial bacteria results in the formation of a specialized organ, the nodule, in which atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to ammonia. Nodulation requires the reprogramming of the plant cell, allowing the microsymbiont to enter the plant tissue in a highly controlled manner. We have found that, in Crotalaria (Fabaceae), this reprogramming is associated with the biosynthesis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). These compounds are part of the plant's chemical defense against herbivores and cannot be regarded as being functionally involved in the symbiosis. PAs in Crotalaria are detectable only when the plants form nodules after infection with their rhizobial partner. The identification of a plant-derived sequence encoding homospermidine synthase (HSS), the first pathway-specific enzyme of PA biosynthesis, suggests that the plant and not the microbiont is the producer of PAs. Transcripts of HSS are detectable exclusively in the nodules, the tissue with the highest concentration of PAs, indicating that PA biosynthesis is restricted to the nodules and that the nodules are the source from which the alkaloids are transported to the above ground parts of the plant. The link between nodulation and the biosynthes...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 28, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Karl J KunertChristine H Foyer
Sep 17, 2016·Science·Eleanore T Wurtzel, Toni M Kutchan
Apr 13, 2017·Critical Reviews in Biotechnology·Ganapathy Sivakumar
Apr 12, 2019·Pest Management Science·Elisa Korenblum, Asaph Aharoni
Mar 17, 2020·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Joseph R Jacobowitz, Jing-Ke Weng
Jul 29, 2018·Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology·Esmaeil KhosraviKamahldin Haghbeen
Dec 2, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Ekta KhareNaveen Kumar Arora
Jan 22, 2021·Letters in Applied Microbiology·Zhong Yu WuRaghvendra Pratap Singh
Apr 4, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Mahmoud M ZakariaDietrich Ober

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