New ground-based lidar enables volcanic CO2 flux measurements

Scientific Reports
Alessandro AiuppaGiancarlo Tamburello

Abstract

There have been substantial advances in the ability to monitor the activity of hazardous volcanoes in recent decades. However, obtaining early warning of eruptions remains challenging, because the patterns and consequences of volcanic unrests are both complex and nonlinear. Measuring volcanic gases has long been a key aspect of volcano monitoring since these mobile fluids should reach the surface long before the magma. There has been considerable progress in methods for remote and in-situ gas sensing, but measuring the flux of volcanic CO2-the most reliable gas precursor to an eruption-has remained a challenge. Here we report on the first direct quantitative measurements of the volcanic CO2 flux using a newly designed differential absorption lidar (DIAL), which were performed at the restless Campi Flegrei volcano. We show that DIAL makes it possible to remotely obtain volcanic CO2 flux time series with a high temporal resolution (tens of minutes) and accuracy (<30%). The ability of this lidar to remotely sense volcanic CO2 represents a major step forward in volcano monitoring, and will contribute improved volcanic CO2 flux inventories. Our results also demonstrate the unusually strong degassing behavior of Campi Flegrei fumarol...Continue Reading

References

Nov 24, 2006·Nature·Richard M IversonJames W Vallance
Oct 2, 2008·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Marie Edmonds
Mar 14, 2009·Optics Letters·Luca FioraniAntonio Palucci
Nov 19, 2010·Nature·Freysteinn SigmundssonKurt L Feigl
Mar 17, 2012·Science·R S J SparksJ W Neuberg
Mar 15, 2015·Optics Letters·Luca FioraniAlessandro Aiuppa

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Citations

Sep 23, 2016·Scientific Reports·Manuel QueiβerMike Burton
Apr 2, 2019·Scientific Reports·Alessandro AiuppaPhilipson Bani
Aug 17, 2018·Optics Express·Luke MaidmentDerryck T Reid
Sep 26, 2017·Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth·M QueißerA Harijoko

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Software Mentioned

BRIDGE
DIALs
DIAL

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