New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia

European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG
Wibhu KutananMark Stoneking

Abstract

Tai-Kadai (TK) is one of the major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), with a concentration in the area of Thailand and Laos. Our previous study of 1234 mtDNA genome sequences supported a demic diffusion scenario in the spread of TK languages from southern China to Laos as well as northern and northeastern Thailand. Here we add an additional 560 mtDNA genomes from 22 groups, with a focus on the TK-speaking central Thai people and the Sino-Tibetan speaking Karen. We find extensive diversity, including 62 haplogroups not reported previously from this region. Demic diffusion is still a preferable scenario for central Thais, emphasizing the expansion of TK people through MSEA, although there is also some support for gene flow between central Thai and native Austroasiatic speaking Mon and Khmer. We also tested competing models concerning the genetic relationships of groups from the major MSEA languages, and found support for an ancestral relationship of TK and Austronesian-speaking groups.

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Citations

Apr 14, 2019·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Wibhu KutananMark Stoneking
Dec 13, 2019·European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG·Enrico MacholdtMark Stoneking
May 3, 2020·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Dirk Christopher SauerSabine Lutz-Bonengel
Jul 22, 2020·European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG·Wibhu KutananMark Stoneking
Apr 29, 2020·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Dang LiuMark Stoneking
Apr 14, 2020·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Suparat SrithawongWibhu Kutanan
Mar 30, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Manachai YingklangSomchai Pinlaor
May 27, 2021·Molecular Genetics and Genomics : MGG·Xueer Yu, Hui Li
May 26, 2021·Scientific Reports·Anita Kloss-BrandstätterHansi Weissensteiner
Nov 17, 2021·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Linh Huyen TranHoang Ha Chu

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MG272576-MG273135

Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDS

Software Mentioned

Haplogrep
MAFFT
MSEA
adegenet R package
Network publisher
Arlequin
MitoTool
ISEA
jModel
TreeAnnotator

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