New Introductions, Spread of Existing Matrilines, and High Rates of Pyrethroid Resistance Result in Chronic Infestations of Bed Bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) in Lower-Income Housing

PloS One
Ronald W RaabRajeev Vaidyanathan

Abstract

Infestations of the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) have increased substantially in the United States in the past 10-15 years. The housing authority in Harrisonburg, Virginia, conducts heat-treatments after bed bugs are detected in a lower-income housing complex, by treating each infested unit at 60°C for 4-6 hours. However, a high frequency of recurrent infestations called into question the efficacy of this strategy. Genetic analysis using Bayesian clustering of polymorphic microsatellite loci from 123 bed bugs collected from 23 units from May 2012 to April 2013 in one building indicated that (a) 16/21 (73%) infestations were genetically similar, suggesting ineffective heat-treatments or reintroductions from within the building or from a common external source, followed by local spread of existing populations; and (b) up to 5 of the infestations represented new genotypes, indicating that 5 new populations were introduced into this building in one year, assuming they were not missed in earlier screens. There was little to no gene flow among the 8 genetic clusters identified in the building. Bed bugs in the U.S. often possess one or both point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel, termed knockdown resistance (kdr)...Continue Reading

References

Aug 17, 2006·Molecular Ecology·Jukka Corander, Pekka Marttinen
Jul 21, 2009·Journal of Economic Entomology·Roberto M PereiraWayne Walker
Jan 1, 2008·Molecular Ecology Resources·François Rousset
Jan 10, 2012·BMC Genomics·Praveen MamidalaOmprakash Mittapalli
Jan 13, 2012·Medical and Veterinary Entomology·T G E DaviesM S Williamson
Mar 16, 2013·Scientific Reports·Fang ZhuSubba R Palli

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Citations

Feb 8, 2019·PloS One·Aaron R AshbrookAmeya D Gondhalekar
Sep 9, 2016·Parasite : Journal De La Société Française De Parasitologie·Frédéric JourdainVincent Robert
Jan 10, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Mohammad AkhoundiArezki Izri

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
PCR

Software Mentioned

GenePop
GeneProfiler
BAPS
FSTAT

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