New targeted molecular therapies for dedifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Journal of Oncology
Alessandro AntonelliPoupak Fallahi

Abstract

Dedifferentiated thyroid cancer (DeTC) derived from follicular epithelium is often incurable because it does not respond to radioiodine, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. In cases, RET/PTC rearrangements are found in 30%-40%, RAS mutations in about 10%, and BRAF mutations in around 40%-50%, with no overlap between these mutations results in papillary thyroid cancer, while a higher prevalence of BRAF mutations (up to 70%) has been observed in DeTC. The identification of these activating mutations in DeTC makes this malignancy an excellent model to examine the effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Clinical trials with several TKIs targeting RET, and to a lesser extent BRAF, and other TKRs have shown positive results, with about one-third of DeTC showing a reduction in tumor size up to 50%, with the longest treatment duration of approximately three-four years. Angiogenesis inhibitors have also shown promising activity in DeTC. Progress is being made toward effective targeted DeTC therapy. The possibility of testing the sensitivity of primary DeTC cells from each subject to different TKIs could increase the effectiveness of the treatment.

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Citations

Jan 31, 2012·Current Oncology Reports·Alessandro AntonelliClodoveo Ferri
Jul 3, 2013·BioDrugs : Clinical Immunotherapeutics, Biopharmaceuticals and Gene Therapy·Poupak FallahiAlessandro Antonelli
Oct 10, 2013·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Annibale VersariPaola Anna Erba
Mar 20, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Poupak FallahiAlessandro Antonelli
Dec 5, 2015·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Silvia Martina FerrariAlessandro Antonelli
Jan 24, 2012·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Clemens C CyranKonstantin Nikolaou
Feb 7, 2018·Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology·Ewa ChmielikBarbara Jarzab
Oct 11, 2017·Current Medicinal Chemistry·Silvia Martina FerrariPoupak Fallahi
Feb 8, 2011·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Salvatore Benvenga
Jan 16, 2014·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Alessandro AntonelliPaolo Miccoli
Jan 27, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Alessandro AntonelliPaolo Miccoli
Oct 17, 2012·Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine·Dan ZhaoYansong Lin

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