New transgenic evidence for a system of sympathetic axons able to express tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) within arterial/arteriolar walls

Blood
Zhifang HaoJames O'Rourke

Abstract

Sympathetic axons embedded in a few arterioles and vasa vasora were recently shown to store tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in vesicles. But the extension of such t-PA axons to arteries and arterioles throughout the organism has not been verified. Confirmation of this anatomy would identify a second significant source of vessel wall t-PA. To visualize fine embedded axons independent of endothelium, we created a transgenic mouse whose expressions of the t-PA promoter and enhanced green fluorescent protein are confined to sympathetic neurons and other neural crest derivatives. Confocal images reveal the extension of t-PA axons to arterioles serving heart, brain, kidney, lung, mesentery, and skin; plus aortic, carotid, and mesenteric artery walls. Ganglion neurons and adrenal chromaffin cells also show strong expressions. These new sightings confirm the existence of a system of t-PA axons that is prominent in arterioles, and compatible with the release of neural t-PA into their walls.

References

Jan 1, 1986·Histochemistry·P KristensenK Danø
Oct 6, 1997·The Journal of Cell Biology·J J EmeisF Lupu
Apr 7, 1999·Developmental Biology·C G LobeA Nagy
Jul 9, 1999·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·C RosnobletE K Kruithof
Nov 5, 1999·Biophysical Journal·J R AbneyB A Scalettar
Dec 6, 2000·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·A NovakC G Lobe
Aug 23, 2002·Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis : an International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis·Y WangJ O'Rourke
Apr 26, 2003·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Jan-Arne BjörkmanChristina Jern
Apr 20, 2004·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·T Syrovets, Th Simmet
Nov 24, 2004·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·H Myöhänen, A Vaheri
Jul 16, 2005·Stress : the International Journal on the Biology of Stress·Zhifang HaoJames O'Rourke

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 15, 2010·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Brian J SirokyJohn J Bissler
Jul 29, 2011·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Hongdong BaiRobert J Parmer
Nov 30, 2006·Annual Review of Immunology·Lisbeth A WelniakWilliam J Murphy
Apr 24, 2013·Annals of the American Thoracic Society·Jennifer RaczKathleen A Stringer
Jun 27, 2013·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·N A GinglesR J Parmer
Oct 26, 2012·Journal of Biomedicine & Biotechnology·Hongdong BaiRobert J Parmer
Apr 13, 2007·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Ulrich SchaeferRoberto Levi
Sep 20, 2017·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·R L Medcalf
Mar 19, 2021·Blood·Charithani B Keragala, Robert L Medcalf

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.