PMID: 7544527May 1, 1995Paper

NG-methyl-L-arginine protects the guinea pig cochlea from the cytotoxic effects of pneumolysin

Acta Oto-laryngologica
F R AmaeeM P Osborne

Abstract

Sensorineural hearing loss is a major sequela of the bacterial meningitis associated in particular with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Recent studies have shown pneumolysin, a toxin elaborated by S. pneumoniae, to be cytotoxic to the guinea pig cochlea. The mechanisms of this cytotoxicity are, however, not fully understood. In the present study this deleterious action of pneumolysin has been shown to be blocked by pretreating the cochlea with NG-methyl-L-arginine, a known inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. Furthermore, pretreatment of the cochlea with MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, was also found to confer marked protection from the action of pneumolysin. This latter finding is consistent with previous reports that excess stimulation of NMDA receptors within the cochlea, an event known to lead to excess nitric oxide release, have similar effects on the cochlea as pneumolysin perfusion. It would therefore appear that nitric oxide may represent a significant link in the chain of events leading to the deafness of bacterial meningitis.

References

Feb 1, 1991·Trends in Neurosciences·J Garthwaite
Feb 1, 1991·Archives of Disease in Childhood·M J TarlowM P Osborne
Sep 1, 1990·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·B Meldrum, J Garthwaite
Nov 1, 1989·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D S Bredt, S H Snyder

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Citations

May 15, 2003·International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology·Jonathan B HansonTimothy T K Jung
Dec 4, 2003·Hearing Research·Thomas C KellyLeonard P Rybak
Feb 3, 1998·Hearing Research·R S RuanK H Yeoh
Apr 1, 1997·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·T J Mitchell, P W Andrew
Nov 26, 2005·Acta Oto-laryngologica·Masaya Takumida, Matti Anniko
Apr 25, 2000·Acta Oto-laryngologica·M Takumida, M Anniko
Jan 12, 2007·Progress in Neurobiology·Matthias KleinHans-Walter Pfister
Mar 1, 1997·Annals of Saudi Medicine·S L Kaplan

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