Nicotine reinforcement in never-smokers

Psychopharmacology
Angela N DukeRoland R Griffiths

Abstract

Global tobacco-related mortality dwarfs that of all other drugs. Nicotine is believed to be the primary agent responsible for tobacco use and addiction. However, nicotine is a relatively weak and inconsistent reinforcer in nonhumans and nicotine reinforcement has not been demonstrated in never-smokers. This study investigated the discriminative, subjective, and reinforcing effects of nicotine in never-smokers. Eighteen never-smokers (< 50 lifetime nicotine exposures) participated in a double-blind study. During a drug discrimination phase, volunteers ingested oral nicotine and placebo capsules (quasi-random order) at least 2 h apart and rated subjective effects repeatedly for 2 h after ingestion in daily sessions. Blocks of 10 sessions were continued until significant discrimination was achieved (p ≤ 0.05, binomial test; ≥ 8 of 10). Following discrimination, nicotine choice was tested by having volunteers choose which capsule set to ingest on each daily session. Successive blocks of 10 sessions were conducted until choice for nicotine or placebo met significance within each volunteer (≥ 8 of 10 sessions). All 18 volunteers significantly discriminated nicotine from placebo; the lowest dose discriminated ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 mg...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1992·Psychopharmacology·J H Robinson, W S Pritchard
Dec 1, 1991·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·I P Stolerman, M Shoaib
Mar 1, 1991·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·N L BenowitzR Jenkins
Aug 1, 1987·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·H de WitC E Johanson
Feb 1, 1986·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·H de WitC E Johanson
Dec 1, 1983·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·J E Henningfield, S R Goldberg
May 1, 1996·American Journal of Public Health·J R Hughes
Jan 1, 1996·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·N L Benowitz
Oct 9, 1999·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·K A Perkins
Dec 13, 2000·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·J E RoseM Johnson
Jan 5, 2002·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·K A Perkins
Aug 14, 2002·Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine·Arthur A Stone, Saul Shiffman
Aug 15, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Elisabeth J HoutsmullerMaxine L Stitzer
Feb 26, 2004·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Kay J D'Orlando, Barbara S Fox
Mar 9, 2004·Psychopharmacology·Reuven Dar, Hanan Frenk
Mar 1, 2005·Pharmacological Reviews·Janne HukkanenNeal L Benowitz
Aug 9, 2005·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·David Kalman, Stevens S Smith
Apr 8, 2006·CNS Drugs·Jennifer B McClure, Gary E Swan
Aug 4, 2006·Tobacco Control·Jean-François Etter, John A Stapleton
Jan 20, 2007·Psychopharmacology·Reuven DarHanan Frenk
Apr 4, 2007·Psychopharmacology·Reuven Dar, Hanan Frenk
Jul 21, 2007·BMC Public Health·Jean-François Etter
Feb 3, 2009·Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology·Bernard Le Foll, Steven R Goldberg
May 1, 2012·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Harriet de Wit, Tamara J Phillips
Nov 30, 2012·Psychopharmacology·Verónica PastorRamón O Bernabeu
Aug 3, 2013·Behavioural Pharmacology·Victoria C Wing, Mohammed Shoaib
May 6, 2014·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·J P VakkalankaC P Holstege
Nov 9, 2014·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Robert C McMillenJonathan D Klein
Feb 11, 2015·Psychopharmacology·Mikhail N Koffarnus, Gail Winger
Feb 13, 2015·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Amy K GoodwinMerle G Paule

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 9, 2016·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Jenny E OzgaMelissa D Blank
Dec 5, 2019·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Kenneth A Perkins, Joshua L Karelitz
Sep 11, 2019·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·John R HughesNicholas Morley
Jul 15, 2018·Nature Communications·Shannon L WolfmanDaniel S McGehee
Apr 3, 2016·Psychopharmacology·Kenneth A PerkinsEric C Donny
Dec 24, 2019·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Kenneth A Perkins
May 17, 2017·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Kenneth A PerkinsMargaret C Boldry
Mar 26, 2016·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Kenneth A PerkinsEric C Donny
Mar 30, 2020·Neuropharmacology·Mohammed Shoaib, Kenneth A Perkins
May 7, 2021·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·E Carstens E, M Iodi Carstens

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Addiction

This feed focuses mechanisms underlying addiction and addictive behaviour including heroin and opium dependence, alcohol intoxication, gambling, and tobacco addiction.