Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for the long-term response of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression to chronic nicotine treatment in rat adrenal medulla

Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
Reiji YoshimuraA W Tank

Abstract

Nicotine induces tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA by interacting with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in cultured adrenal medullary cell systems; however, the mechanisms responsible for the induction of adrenal TH in response to systemically administered nicotine under in vivo conditions are more complex. In the present study, we tested whether nAChRs and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) participate in the induction of adrenal TH observed after long-term treatment with nicotine. Chronic nicotine treatment (1.6 mg/kg, two daily injections spaced 12 h apart for 7 days) induced TH mRNA, TH protein and TH activity in rat adrenal medulla. This induction of TH gene expression was totally blocked when an antagonist of either nAChRs or mAChRs was administered prior to each nicotine injection. Repeated injections of the mAChR agonist bethanechol (5 mg/kg injected twice per day for 7 days) also produced increases in TH mRNA levels; however, TH protein levels and TH activity did not increase in response to bethanechol. In denervated adrenal glands chronic nicotine treatment did not lead to induction of either TH mRNA, TH protein or TH activity, whereas chronic bethanechol treatment led to induction of TH mRNA, but not ...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1992·Neurochemical Research·J S AguilarM Criado
Dec 1, 1991·Journal of Neurochemistry·L H FossomA W Tank
Jul 1, 1984·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·N L BenowitzP Jacob
Jun 21, 1994·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B NankovaE L Sabban
Nov 5, 1997·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·D H MalinN Rajan
Nov 24, 1999·Biological Psychiatry·E J NestlerG K Aghajanian
Aug 23, 2001·Neuron·J A DaniF M Zhou
Nov 16, 2001·Journal of the American College of Surgeons·S KilaruB E Sumpio
Feb 14, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·J A Dani, M De Biasi
Jan 18, 2002·Journal of Applied Physiology·Pamela Johnson RowseyChristopher J Gordon
Jan 23, 2003·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Baoyong SunA William Tank
Jun 20, 2003·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Silvia Di AngelantonioAndrea Nistri

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 20, 2008·Molecular Pharmacology·Xiqun ChenA William Tank
Nov 6, 2007·Trends in Molecular Medicine·Anastasios LymperopoulosWalter J Koch
Apr 18, 2007·Journal of Neurochemistry·Jessika UrbanaviciusFederico Dajas
Jan 6, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·A William TankCarol R Sterling
Apr 25, 2007·Brain Research Bulletin·Merari F R Ferrari, Debora R Fior-Chadi
May 22, 2007·Stress : the International Journal on the Biology of Stress·D L Wong, A W Tank

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.