Nitric Oxide and Major Depressive Disorder: Pathophysiology and Treatment Implications

Current Molecular Medicine
P KudlowR S McIntyre

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multi-factorial and heterogeneous disease. Robust evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of MDD for a subpopulation of individuals. However, it remains unclear what traits and/or states precede the onset of inflammation in this subpopulation of individuals with MDD. Several recent studies have implicated nitric oxide (NO) as a critical regulator of neuroinflammation, thus suggesting a possible role in the pathophysiology of MDD. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidentiary base supporting the hypothesis that the increased hazard for developing MDD in certain subpopulations may be mediated, in part, by inflammogenic trait and/or state variations in NO signaling pathways. We conducted a non-systematic literature search for English language studies via PubMed and Google Scholar, from 1985 to October 2014. Replicated evidence suggests that NO has contrasting effects in the central nervous system (CNS). Low concentrations of NO are neuroprotective and mediate physiological signaling whereas higher concentrations mediate neuroinflammatory actions and are neurotoxic. Certain polymorphisms in the neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS1) are associated MDD. Fur...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 1, 2017·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Verónica MiguelSantiago Lamas
Nov 10, 2017·European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience·Hans-Gert BernsteinJohann Steiner
Mar 23, 2019·Metabolic Brain Disease·Thelma Beatriz González-CastroJosé Jaime Martínez-Magaña
Oct 18, 2020·Science China. Life Sciences·Xiaoning JiaHailan Hu
Aug 14, 2019·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Chia-Hsiang FuTa-Jen Lee
Nov 7, 2018·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Sahar AlijanpourMohammad-Reza Zarrindast
Mar 26, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Xingyao PeiShusheng Tang
Aug 6, 2021·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment·Xiuli WangFuping Shi
Dec 4, 2020·Aging and Disease·Anwen ShaoJianmin Zhang

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