Nitric Oxide-Induced Dormancy Removal of Apple Embryos Is Linked to Alterations in Expression of Genes Encoding ABA and JA Biosynthetic or Transduction Pathways and RNA Nitration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Paulina Andryka-DudekAgnieszka Gniazdowska

Abstract

Short-term (3 h) treatment of embryos isolated from dormant apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) seeds with NO donors stimulates their transition from dormancy to germination. Seed dormancy is maintained by ABA, while germination is controlled mainly by gibberellins (GAs) and jasmonic acid (JA). NO-induced dormancy removal correlates with low ABA concentration in embryonic axes and reduced embryo sensitivity to ABA. We analyzed the expression of genes encoding key enzymes of ABA degradation (CYP707A1, CYP707A2), biosynthesis (NCED3, NCED9), and elements of the ABA transduction pathway (PYL1, PYL2, RCAR1, RCAR3, PP2CA, ABI1, ABI2, SNRK2, ABI5, AREB3, ABF). A role for JA in the regulation of germination led us to investigate the expression of genes encoding enzymes of JA biosynthesis (AOS1, JMT, JAR1) and the transduction pathway (COI1, MYC2, JAZ3, JAZ12). The expression profiles of the genes were estimated in embryonic axes isolated from dormant or NO fumigated apple embryos. The analyzed genes were differentially regulated during dormancy alleviation, the main modifications in the transcription level were detected for NCED3, NCED9, CYP707A2, RCAR1, ABF, AOS1, JMT, JAR1 and JAZ3. A regulatory role of NO in the removal of seed dormancy...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 25, 2019·Journal of Experimental Botany·Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek, Jolanta Floryszak-Wieczorek
Aug 1, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Katarzyna CiackaAgnieszka Gniazdowska
Oct 15, 2020·Journal of Experimental Botany·Zsuzsanna KolbertAndrea Rónavári

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stresses
electrophoresis
Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction
PCR
PCRs
ELISA

Software Mentioned

Primer3Plus
ClustalW

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