Nitric oxide-mediated modulation of synaptic activity by astrocytic P2Y receptors.

The Journal of General Physiology
Bhupesh MehtaPreeti G Joshi

Abstract

We investigated the mechanism of synaptic suppression by P2Y receptors in mixed hippocampal cultures wherein networked neurons exhibit synchronized Ca(2+) oscillations (SCO) due to spontaneous glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Pharmacological studies suggested that SCO suppression was mediated by P2Y2/P2Y4 receptors. Immunostaining studies and characterization of ATP/UTP-stimulated Ca(2+) responses in solitary neurons and astrocytes revealed that the SCO attenuation was effectuated by astrocytes. We demonstrate that nitric oxide released from activated astrocytes causes synaptic suppression by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. Physiological concentrations of ATP and UTP evoked NO production in astrocytes. SCO suppression was considerably diminished by removal of extracellular NO by membrane-impermeable scavenger c-PTIO or by pretreatment of cells with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME. The nitric oxide donor DETA/NO effectively suppressed the SCO. ATP/UTP inhibited KCl-induced exocytosis at presynaptic terminals in an NO-dependent manner. In the absence of exogenously added ATP/UTP, both the NO scavenger and NOS inhibitor enhanced the frequency of SCO, implying that astrocytes release NO during spontaneous synaptic a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 15, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Olivier PascualAlain Bessis
Feb 10, 2016·Frontiers in Physiology·Mauricio A RetamalCarlos González
Feb 13, 2018·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Taiming LiuArlin B Blood
Jul 24, 2021·Cerebral Cortex Communications·Ravi KumarChi-Keung Chan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Fluorescence
fluorescence imaging

Software Mentioned

Olympus Fluoview
Sigma Plot

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