Nitric oxide mediates antimicrobial peptide gene expression by activating eicosanoid signaling

PloS One
Md Sadekuzzaman, Yonggyun Kim

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) mediates both cellular and humoral immune responses in insects. Its mediation of cellular immune responses uses eicosanoids as a downstream signal. However, the cross-talk with two immune mediators was not known in humoral immune responses. This study focuses on cross-talk between two immune mediators in inducing gene expression of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) of a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua. Up-regulation of eight AMPs was observed in S. exigua against bacterial challenge. However, the AMP induction was suppressed by injection of an NO synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, while little expressional change was observed on injecting its enantiomer, D-NAME. The functional association between NO biosynthesis and AMP gene expression was further supported by RNA interference (RNAi) against NO synthase (SeNOS), which suppressed AMP gene expression under the immune challenge. The AMP induction was also mimicked by NO alone because injecting an NO analog, SNAP, without bacterial challenge significantly induced the AMP gene expression. Interestingly, an eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor, dexamethasone (DEX), suppressed the NO induction of AMP expression. The inhibitory activity of DEX was reversed by the addition o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 21, 2020·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·Miltan Chandra Roy, Yonggyun Kim
Feb 23, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·David Stanley, Yonggyun Kim
Aug 15, 2018·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Mohammad VatanparastYonggyun Kim

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical treatment
PCR
in vitro transcription
Assay
nuclear translocation

Software Mentioned

SAS

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