Nitrogen-Doped Graphene and Twisted Bilayer Graphene via Hyperthermal Ion Implantation with Depth Control

ACS Nano
Cory D CressJeremy T Robinson

Abstract

We investigate hyperthermal ion implantation (HyTII) as a means for substitutionally doping layered materials such as graphene. In particular, this systematic study characterizes the efficacy of substitutional N-doping of graphene using HyTII over an N(+) energy range of 25-100 eV. Scanning tunneling microscopy results establish the incorporation of N substituents into the graphene lattice during HyTII processing. We illustrate the differences in evolution of the characteristic Raman peaks following incremental doses of N(+). We use the ratios of the integrated D and D' peaks, I(D)/I(D') to assess the N(+) energy-dependent doping efficacy, which shows a strong correlation with previously reported molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results and a peak doping efficiency regime ranging between approximately 30 and 50 eV. We also demonstrate the inherent monolayer depth control of the HyTII process, thereby establishing a unique advantage over other less-specific methods for doping. We achieve this by implementing twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), with one layer of isotopically enriched (13)C and one layer of natural (12)C graphene, and modify only the top layer of the TBG sample. By assessing the effects of N-HyTII processing, we unc...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 21, 2016·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Rohini Krishnakumar, Rotti Srinivasamurthy Swathi
Mar 16, 2019·Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology·Egor A Kolesov
Mar 16, 2019·Nanomaterials·Tomotaroh Granzier-NakajimaYin-Ting Yeh
Jan 19, 2021·Advanced Materials·Chuanbiao BieJiaguo Yu
Feb 18, 2021·ACS Nano·Pin-Cheng LinLino M C Pereira
Mar 12, 2021·ACS Nano·Gregory M StephenAdam L Friedman
Aug 29, 2018·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Dong HanZiqiang Zhao
Nov 21, 2019·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Shih-Ming HeChing-Yuan Su
Sep 15, 2021·Nano Letters·Renan VillarrealLino M C Pereira

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