NK Cells Accumulate in Infected Tissues and Contribute to Pathogenicity of Ebola Virus in Mice

Journal of Virology
H Fausther-BovendoG Kobinger

Abstract

Understanding the immune parameters responsible for survival following Ebola virus (EBOV) infection is paramount for developing countermeasures. In lethal EBOV infections, levels of both NK and T cells decline drastically in the circulation and lymphoid tissues before death. However, the fate of these lymphocytes in viral replication sites remains unknown. In this study, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis were used to investigate lymphocyte frequencies in various infected mouse tissues after challenge with mouse-adapted EBOV (MA-EBOV). A decrease in NK cell numbers from systemic circulation was observed concomitant to an increase of these cells in tissues that are supporting active replication of EBOV. Unexpectedly, NK accumulation in virus replication sites correlated with enhanced EBOV disease progression in specific conditions; at a high challenge dose, NK-depleted mice displayed lower viremia and liver damage and higher hepatic T cell levels. Upregulation of UL16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1) was detected in hepatic T cells, suggesting that NK cells participate in their elimination. Overall, this study supports the concept that NK cells accumulate in EBOV-infected tissues...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 31, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Martin VillalbaDelphine Gitenay
Aug 14, 2020·Current Opinion in Virology·Carlos Diaz-Salazar, Joseph C Sun
Dec 7, 2019·Journal of Autoimmunity·Manuel RojasJuan-Manuel Anaya

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow
reverse transcription-PCR
FACS
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA
PCR
PCRs

Software Mentioned

Flow Jo
GraphPad Prism

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