No evidence for systematic white matter correlates of dyslexia and dyscalculia

NeuroImage. Clinical
David MoreauKaren E Waldie

Abstract

Learning disabilities such as dyslexia, dyscalculia and their comorbid manifestation are prevalent, affecting as much as 15% of the population. Structural neuroimaging studies have indicated that these disorders can be related to differences in white matter integrity, although findings remain disparate. In this study, we used a unique design composed of individuals with dyslexia, dyscalculia, both disorders and controls, to systematically explore differences in fractional anisotropy across groups using diffusion tensor imaging. Specifically, we focused on the corona radiata and the arcuate fasciculus, two tracts associated with reading and mathematics in a number of previous studies. Using Bayesian hypothesis testing, we show that the present data favor the null model of no differences between groups for these particular tracts-a finding that seems to go against the current view but might be representative of the disparities within this field of research. Together, these findings suggest that structural differences associated with dyslexia and dyscalculia might not be as reliable as previously thought, with potential ramifications in terms of remediation.

Citations

Jul 26, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Gojko ŽarićMilene Bonte
Oct 26, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Fang HouRanran Song
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Public Health·Jeremy G GrantAmedeo D'Angiulli
Feb 11, 2019·Neuropsychologia·David MoreauKaren E Waldie

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques

Software Mentioned

FMRIB library ( FSL
R
CRAN
FMRIB
FSL BET
FLIRT
JASP
FSL
DTIFIT
WRAT

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