NOD1 and NOD2 in inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Immunological Reviews
Bruno C Trindade, Grace Y Chen

Abstract

It has been long recognized that NOD1 and NOD2 are critical players in the host immune response, primarily by their sensing bacterial peptidoglycan-conserved motifs. Significant advances have been made from efforts that characterize their upstream activators, assembly of signaling complexes, and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Disruption in NOD1 and NOD2 signaling has also been associated with impaired host defense and resistance to the development of inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will describe how NOD1 and NOD2 sense microbes and cellular stress to regulate host responses that can affect disease pathogenesis and outcomes.

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Citations

Aug 29, 2020·Immunological Reviews·Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Sep 18, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Hao GuoJenny P Y Ting
Feb 3, 2021·Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·F C BlancoF Bigi
Nov 1, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Noor Gammoh
Jun 8, 2021·Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry·Aleksandra MaršavelskiRosana Ribić
May 27, 2021·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Ivona Aksentijevich, Oskar Schnappauf
Jun 3, 2021·Biomedicines·Victoria Fernández-GarcíaLisardo Boscá
Jul 18, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Victoria Fernández-GarcíaLisardo Boscá

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Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.

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