Nodavirus encephalopathy in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): inflammation, nitric oxide production and effect of anti-inflammatory compounds

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
A MontesB Novoa

Abstract

Nodaviruses are the etiological agents of one of the most serious viral diseases affecting marine fish aquaculture. Nodavirus infection produces an abnormal swimming behaviour and causes encephalopathy and retinopathy associated to important mortalities. The expression of TNF-alpha, IRF-1 and Mx was increased in turbot after nodavirus infection. A significant increase in the production of nitrogen radicals was also observed in experimentally infected turbot. Several anti-inflammatory compounds (the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, cortisone, dexamethasone, prednisolone and aminoguanidine) were assayed to determine the role of inflammation on nodavirus infection. Cortisone and aminoguanidine were able to accelerate the mortality onset associated to nodavirus infection, modulating the gene expression of TNF-alpha and, in addition, modifying the arrival time of nodavirus to the brain. These results suggest the importance of early inflammatory processes to overcome the infection.

Citations

Feb 6, 2013·ILAR Journal·Marcus J Crim, Lela K Riley
Aug 7, 2013·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Young-Mao ChenTzong-Yueh Chen
Oct 1, 2013·Journal of Molecular Biology·Christelle LangevinPierre Boudinot
Sep 20, 2015·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Paolo RonzaMaría Isabel Quiroga
May 11, 2015·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Paolo RonzaMaría Isabel Quiroga
Sep 4, 2013·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Maria M CostaBeatriz Novoa
Oct 25, 2011·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Aina-Cathrine OvergårdSonal Patel
Sep 2, 2016·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Yuan-Kai ChengShau-Chi Chi

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