Nodulation outer proteins: double-edged swords of symbiotic rhizobia

The Biochemical Journal
Christian Staehelin, Hari B Krishnan

Abstract

Rhizobia are nitrogen-fixing bacteria that establish a nodule symbiosis with legumes. Nodule formation depends on signals and surface determinants produced by both symbiotic partners. Among them, rhizobial Nops (nodulation outer proteins) play a crucial symbiotic role in many strain-host combinations. Nops are defined as proteins secreted via a rhizobial T3SS (type III secretion system). Functional T3SSs have been characterized in many rhizobial strains. Nops have been identified using various genetic, biochemical, proteomic, genomic and experimental approaches. Certain Nops represent extracellular components of the T3SS, which are visible in electron micrographs as bacterial surface appendages called T3 (type III) pili. Other Nops are T3 effector proteins that can be translocated into plant cells. Rhizobial T3 effectors manipulate cellular processes in host cells to suppress plant defence responses against rhizobia and to promote symbiosis-related processes. Accordingly, mutant strains deficient in synthesis or secretion of T3 effectors show reduced symbiotic properties on certain host plants. On the other hand, direct or indirect recognition of T3 effectors by plant cells expressing specific R (resistance) proteins can result...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 5, 2016·Journal of Experimental Botany·Ying-Ying GeChristian Staehelin
Apr 11, 2017·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Wanyin DengB Brett Finlay
Feb 2, 2017·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Yangrong CaoGary Stacey
Dec 28, 2017·FEMS Microbiology Letters·David DuránLuis Rey
Dec 18, 2016·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Irene Jiménez-GuerreroFrancisco Javier López-Baena
Aug 19, 2018·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Chang-Chao XuChristian Staehelin
Sep 27, 2018·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·Fathi BerrabahBenjamin Gourion
Oct 9, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Albin TeuletEric Giraud
Aug 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Wei Dong, Yuguang Song
Apr 9, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Qi-Wang XiangChristian Staehelin
May 5, 2017·AIMS Microbiology·Ángeles HidalgoJosé-María Vinardell
Nov 8, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jinhui WangDawei Xin
Jan 29, 2019·Microbiology Resource Announcements·Antoine Le QuéréTatiana Krasova Wade
Jan 21, 2021·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·Sofia R CostaUlrike Mathesius
Jan 23, 2021·Scientific Reports·Safirah Tasa Nerves RatuShin Okazaki
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Sebastián Acosta-JuradoJosé-María Vinardell
Jul 29, 2021·Microbial Biotechnology·Laura A Basile, Viviana C Lepek

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