Noise in models of neurological and psychiatric disorders

International Journal of Neural Systems
M Spitzer, M Neumann

Abstract

The concept of noise has only recently been applied to modelling neuropsychiatric disorders. Two examples of such models are presented. 1. A phantom limb is a neurological condition after the amputation of an extremity. It consists of sensations of the presence of the lost limb and has been attributed to cortical as well as non-cortical mechanisms. A neural network model of phantom limbs is proposed which can parsimoniously account for a large number of clinical features and recent findings of cortical map plasticity after deafferentation. In trained self-organizing feature maps, deafferentation was simulated. Reorganization is shown to be driven by input noise. According to the model, the production of input noise by the deafferented primary sensory neuron drives cortical reorganization in amputees. No such noise is generated and/or conducted to the cortex in paraplegics. 2. Several clinical features of schizophrenia have been related to the ratio of signal to noise in neuronal information processing. In particular, dopamine--which has been implicated in the causation of schizophrenia for decades--has been proposed to modulate signal-to-noise ratio. Data are presented which suggest that schizophrenic thought disorder is the re...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 27, 2007·Neuropsychologia·Véronique BoulengerTatjana A Nazir
Mar 31, 2018·Computational Psychiatry·Steven M SilversteinWilliam A Phillips
Apr 12, 2007·CNS Spectrums·Peter V Rabins, David B Arciniegas

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