Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: causes, diagnosis, cardiometabolic consequences, and treatment strategies

The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology
Norbert StefanKenneth Cusi

Abstract

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. In some patients with NAFLD, isolated steatosis can progress to advanced stages with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis, increasing the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, NAFLD is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of common disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we highlight novel concepts related to diagnosis, risk prediction, and treatment of NAFLD. First, because NAFLD is a heterogeneous disease, the advanced stages of which seem to be strongly affected by comorbidities such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, early use of reliable, non-invasive diagnostic tools is needed, particularly in patients with insulin resistance or diabetes, to allow the identification of patients at different disease stages. Second, although the strongest genetic risk alleles for NAFLD (ie, the 148Met allele in PNPLA3 and the 167Lys allele in TM6SF2) are associated with increased liver fat content and progression to NASH and cirrhosis, these alleles are also unexpectedly associated with an apparent protection from cardiovascular disease. If consistent across diverse pop...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 26, 2018·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Amy E MorrisonMelanie J Davies
Nov 27, 2018·Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association·S Beh
Mar 25, 2019·Nutrients·Carolina M PerdomoJavier Escalada
May 6, 2019·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Sten Madsbad
Apr 19, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Li ZhangFeiruo Huang
May 17, 2019·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Seyed Mostafa ParizadehAmir Avan
Apr 10, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Gaël EnnequinMartin Whitham
Jul 30, 2019·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Marco ArreseJuan Pablo Arab
Sep 4, 2019·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Jae-Hyung RohIn-Whan Seong
May 18, 2019·Endocrine Reviews·Matthew J WattMagdalene K Montgomery
Oct 16, 2019·Menopause : the Journal of the North American Menopause Society·So-Hyeon HongHye Jin Yoo
Aug 25, 2019·Nutrients·Marja-Riitta TaskinenJan Borén
Aug 2, 2019·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Huifeng PiFeng Gao
Nov 7, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Stergios A PolyzosChristos S Mantzoros
Feb 25, 2020·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Jialiang ChenShukun Yao
Jun 23, 2019·BMJ Open·Maria Gabriella CarusoAlberto Osella
May 21, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Giuseppe LosurdoAlfredo Di Leo
May 22, 2020·Circulation Research·Marie-Eve PichéJean-Pierre Després
May 2, 2020·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·Teresa Vanessa FiorentinoGiorgio Sesti
Jun 9, 2020·Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Matthew J GurkaMark D DeBoer
Dec 14, 2019·Biological Trace Element Research·Eugenia R GatiatulinaAlexey A Tinkov
Nov 7, 2019·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Jessie TorgersenVincent Lo Re
Jul 18, 2020·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·Simona Cernea, Itamar Raz
Aug 21, 2020·Endocrinology and Metabolism·Norbert Stefan
Aug 26, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Anita MorandiClaudio Maffeis
Oct 9, 2019·Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism·Andreani Koutsou-TassopoulouCaroline S Stokes
Dec 19, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Mircea Vasile MilaciuMonica Acalovschi
Jan 1, 2019·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Pegah GolabiZobair M Younossi
Apr 18, 2019·Diabetes & Metabolism Journal·Kyung Soo KimCheol Young Park
May 13, 2019·Journal of Biomedical Science·Keisuke OkabeTakashi Nakagawa
Nov 19, 2019·Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Hongjie OuXiaolu Wu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Hepatocellular Carcinoma is a malignant cancer in liver epithelial cells. Discover the latest research on Hepatocellular Carcinoma here.

CV Disorders & Type 2 Diabetes

This feed focuses on the association of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Cardiovascular Disorder in Diabetes

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders and heart failure. Discover the latest research here.