Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and non-cardiac comorbidities often coexist and are known to have an adverse effect on outcome. However, the prevalence and prognostic impact of non-cardiac comorbidities in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) vs. those with preserved (HFpEF) remain inadequately studied. We used data from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry from 2000 to 2012. HFrEF was defined as EF < 50% and HFpEF as EF ≥ 50%. Of 31 344 patients available for analysis, 79.3% (n = 24 856) had HFrEF and 20.7% (n = 6 488) HFpEF. The outcome was all-cause mortality. We examined the association between ten non-cardiac comorbidities and mortality and its interaction with EF using adjusted hazard ratio (HR). Stroke, anemia, gout and cancer had a similar impact on mortality in both phenotypes, whereas diabetes (HR 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.50-1.65] vs. HR 1.39 95% CI [1.27-1.51], p = 0.0002), renal failure (HR 1.65, 95% CI [1.57-1.73] vs. HR 1.44, 95% CI [1.32-1.57], p = 0.003) and liver disease (HR 2.13, 95% CI [1.83-2.47] vs. HR 1.42, 95% CI [1.09-1.85] p = 0.02) had a higher impact in the HFrEF patients. Moreover, pulmonary disease (HR 1.46, 95% CI [1.40-1.53] vs. HR 1.66 95% CI [1.54-1.80], p = 0.007) was more prom...Continue Reading
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