Non-coding transcript variants of protein-coding genes - what are they good for?

RNA Biology
Sonam Dhamija, Manoj B Menon

Abstract

The total number of protein-coding genes in the human genome is not significantly higher than those in much simpler eukaryotes, despite a general increase in genome size proportionate to the organismal complexity. The large non-coding transcriptome and extensive differential splicing, are increasingly being accepted as the factors contributing to the complex mammalian physiology and architecture. Recent studies reveal additional layers of functional complexity: some long non-coding RNAs have been re-defined as micropeptide or microprotein encoding transcripts, and in turn some protein-coding RNAs are bifunctional and display also non-coding functions. Moreover, several protein-coding genes express long non-coding RNA splice-forms and generate circular RNAs in addition to their canonical mRNA transcripts, revoking the strict definition of a gene as coding or non-coding. In this mini review, we discuss the current understanding of these hybrid genes and their possible roles and relevance.

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Citations

Oct 30, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lourdes Cruz-GarciaChristophe Badie
Nov 19, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Adrian Pérez-AgustínSara Pagans
Feb 23, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Ying TangDa-Yong Zheng
Oct 2, 2020·Physiological Reviews·Rico SchieweckMichael A Kiebler

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