Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Over-Activate the TLR2/4-NF-Κb Signaling Pathway to Increase Inflammatory Cytokine Synthesis in Neutrophils from Ketotic Cows

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry : International Journal of Experimental Cellular Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology
Yuming ZhangXinwei Li

Abstract

Dairy cows with clinical ketosis display a negative energy balance and high blood concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), the latter of which is an important pathological factor of ketosis in cows. The aims of this study were to investigate the inflammatory status of ketotic cows and to determine whether and through what underlying mechanism high levels of NEFAs induce an inflammatory response. Proinflammatory factors and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway were evaluated in neutrophils from clinical ketotic and control cows, using methods including western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In vitro, the effects of NEFAs on the NF-κB signaling pathway in cow neutrophils were also evaluated using the above experimental techniques. Ketotic cows displayed low blood concentrations of glucose and high blood NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. Importantly, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 expression and IκBα and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation levels in neutrophils (PMNs) were significantly higher in ketotic cows than in control cows, indicating over-activation of the TLR2/4-induced NF-κB inflammatory pathway in PMNs in ketotic cows. ...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 7, 2020·The Journal of Physiology·Sabindra PradhanangaAlan E Lomax
Jun 13, 2019·Veterinary Research Communications·Pamela ValenzuelaMaria A Hidalgo
Jan 6, 2021·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·O Bogado PascottiniS J LeBlanc
Feb 14, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Christina MitsiopoulouEleni Tsiplakou
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Agustina Cano-MartínezMaría Esther Rubio-Ruíz

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.