Non-flammable electrolyte enables Li-metal batteries with aggressive cathode chemistries.

Nature Nanotechnology
Xiulin FanChunsheng Wang

Abstract

Rechargeable Li-metal batteries using high-voltage cathodes can deliver the highest possible energy densities among all electrochemistries. However, the notorious reactivity of metallic lithium as well as the catalytic nature of high-voltage cathode materials largely prevents their practical application. Here, we report a non-flammable fluorinated electrolyte that supports the most aggressive and high-voltage cathodes in a Li-metal battery. Our battery shows high cycling stability, as evidenced by the efficiencies for Li-metal plating/stripping (99.2%) for a 5 V cathode LiCoPO4 (~99.81%) and a Ni-rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode (~99.93%). At a loading of 2.0 mAh cm-2, our full cells retain ~93% of their original capacities after 1,000 cycles. Surface analyses and quantum chemistry calculations show that stabilization of these aggressive chemistries at extreme potentials is due to the formation of a several-nanometre-thick fluorinated interphase.

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Citations

Nov 15, 2018·Angewandte Chemie·Huijun YangJiulin Wang
Jan 22, 2019·Advanced Materials·Jian DuanYunhui Huang
Apr 12, 2019·Small·Zahid Ali GhaziHui-Ming Cheng
Jun 8, 2019·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Man LiuRu-Bo Zhang
Jul 25, 2019·Angewandte Chemie·N von AspernI Cekic-Laskovic
Jul 31, 2019·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Yanpeng GuoHuiqiao Li
Nov 13, 2019·Angewandte Chemie·Huijun YangJiulin Wang
Dec 24, 2019·Advanced Materials·Nan LiBingqing Wei
Apr 16, 2020·Chemical Society Reviews·Xin ZhangZhen Zhou
May 7, 2020·Angewandte Chemie·Xiaoqun QiYunhui Huang
Jul 16, 2020·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Guorui CaiZheng Chen
Jul 22, 2020·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Yang YangYongyao Xia
Aug 26, 2020·Angewandte Chemie·Jiale FuChunsheng Wang
Jul 18, 2018·Nature Nanotechnology·Qiang Zhang
Dec 19, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Mingfu HeBetar M Gallant
Jun 5, 2020·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Wujie DongFuqiang Huang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electron microscopy
infrared spectroscopy
differential scanning calorimetry
chips
scanning electron microscopy
X-ray

Software Mentioned

VASP
G4MP2
CasaXPS
Vienna ab initio Simulation Package ( VASP )

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