Non-invasive Brain Stimulation for the Rehabilitation of Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Psychology
Alessandra FinisguerraCosimo Urgesi

Abstract

In the last years, there has been a growing interest in the application of different non-invasive brain stimulation techniques to induce neuroplasticity and to modulate cognition and behavior in adults. Very recently, different attempts have been made to induce functional plastic changes also in pediatric populations. Importantly, not only sensorimotor processing, but also higher-level functions have been addressed, with the aim to boost rehabilitation in different neurodevelopmental disorders. However, efficacy and safety of using these techniques in pediatric population is still debated. The current article aims to review the non-invasive brain stimulation studies conducted in pediatric populations using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation or transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Specifically, the available proofs concerning the efficacy and safety of these techniques on Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Dyslexia, Tourette syndrome, and tic disorders are systematically reviewed and discussed. The article also aims to provide an overview about other possible applications of these and other stimulation techniques for rehabilitative purposes in children and adolescents.

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Citations

Nov 14, 2019·Current Treatment Options in Neurology·Laura A Malone, Lisa R Sun
Apr 8, 2020·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Charles LaidiDominique Januel
Feb 12, 2021·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Haroon KhanPeyman Mirtaheri
May 16, 2020·Brain Stimulation·Marom BiksonHamed Ekhtiari
May 24, 2021·Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology·Gaurav V BhaleraoGanesan Venkatasubramanian
Jul 27, 2021·International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing·Michael BehanBernadette Gillick
Dec 4, 2021·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Jose Antonio Camacho-CondeZafar U Khan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
SMA
pharmacotherapy

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