Non-neuronal Cells in ALS: Role of Glial, Immune cells and Blood-CNS Barriers.

Brain Pathology
Fabiola PuentesSandra Amor

Abstract

Neurological dysfunction and motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is strongly associated with neuroinflammation reflected by activated microglia and astrocytes in the CNS. In ALS endogenous triggers in the CNS such as aggregated protein and misfolded proteins activate a pathogenic response by innate immune cells. However, there is also strong evidence for a neuroprotective immune response in ALS. Emerging evidence also reveals changes in the peripheral adaptive immune responses as well as alterations in the blood brain barrier that may aid traffic of lymphocytes and antibodies into the CNS. Understanding the triggers of neuroinflammation is key to controlling neuronal loss. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the roles of non-neuronal cells as well as the innate and adaptive immune responses in ALS. Existing ALS animal models, in particular genetic rodent models, are very useful to study the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of motor neuron degeneration. We also discuss the approaches used to target the pathogenic immune responses and boost the neuroprotective immune pathways as novel immunotherapies for ALS.

References

Nov 1, 1990·Archives of Neurology·J I Engelhardt, S H Appel
Sep 1, 1988·Neurology·A PestronkD B Drachman
Feb 1, 1984·Journal of Neuroimmunology·H DonnenfeldH Bartfeld
Jul 1, 1995·Annals of Neurology·J D RothsteinR W Kuncl
Apr 1, 1997·Internal Medicine·Y OkuyamaK Kimoto
Apr 30, 1998·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·P CouratierM O Jauberteau
Feb 24, 2001·Current Pharmaceutical Design·A Yermakova, M K O'Banion
Dec 5, 2003·Nature·David E Clapham
Dec 25, 2003·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·I Niebroj-DoboszH Kwieciński
Apr 1, 2005·Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders : Official Publication of the World Federation of Neurology, Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases·Michael C GravesHarry V Vinters
Apr 21, 2006·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Katie Moisse, Michael J Strong
Mar 31, 2007·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Meredith C Hermosura, Ralph M Garruto
Sep 24, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·David R BeersStanley H Appel
Nov 8, 2008·Acta Neuropathologica·Takashi KasaiMasanori Nakagawa
Mar 13, 2009·Journal of Neurology·Shulamit NaorDoron Melamed
Oct 10, 2009·Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology·Wen-Lang LinDennis W Dickson
Nov 26, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Isaac M ChiuMichael C Carroll
Dec 9, 2009·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·L FialováR Rusina
May 21, 2010·PloS One·Svitlana Garbuzova-DavisPaul R Sanberg
Oct 1, 2010·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Marcelo R Vargas, Jeffrey A Johnson
Jan 14, 2011·Journal of Neurochemistry·Per ZetterströmStefan L Marklund
Jun 10, 2011·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica·M RentzosI Evdokimidis
Aug 10, 2011·Neurology Research International·Mario Rafael PaganiOsvaldo Daniel Uchitel
Aug 13, 2011·Nature Biotechnology·Amanda M Haidet-PhillipsBrian K Kaspar
Dec 16, 2011·Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery·Eleonora CelluraVincenzo La Bella
Jan 3, 2012·Acta Neuropathologica·Johannes BrettschneiderJohn Q Trojanowski
Jun 6, 2012·Neurology Research International·Coral-Ann LewisCharles Krieger

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 19, 2016·Brain Pathology·Caterina BendottiAntonio Migheli
May 29, 2016·Progress in Neurobiology·Mónica ZufiríaAdolfo López de Munain
Dec 17, 2017·Scientific Reports·H BlascoP Reynier
May 31, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Natalia NowickaJoanna Wojtkiewicz
Dec 23, 2017·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Andrew P Tosolini, James N Sleigh
Dec 29, 2019·Neuropathology : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology·Motoko Niida-KawaguchiNoriyuki Shibata
Feb 26, 2019·Frontiers in Neurology·Barry W Festoff, Bruce A Citron
Feb 13, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Fabiana NovellinoGiuseppe Donato
Sep 13, 2017·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Nadia D'AmbrosiMaria Teresa Carrì
Jun 7, 2019·Cell Stress & Chaperones·Benjamin E ClarkeLinda Greensmith
Sep 10, 2020·Life Science Alliance·Najwa Ouali AlamiFrancesco Roselli
Jun 28, 2017·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Javier H JaraP Hande Özdinler
Jan 17, 2017·Mediators of Inflammation·Chiara ParisiCinzia Volonté
May 30, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alida SpalloniPatrizia Longone
Nov 2, 2019·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Javier H JaraP Hande Özdinler
Oct 11, 2017·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Anuradha TennakoonIan P Johnson
Jul 3, 2021·Brain Sciences·Sara MigliariniElisabetta Ferraro
Jul 20, 2021·Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis & Frontotemporal Degeneration·Di HeLiying Cui
Aug 7, 2021·Metabolic Brain Disease·Ankit UniyalVinod Tiwari
Sep 13, 2021·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Mina PericDanijela Bataveljic
Dec 6, 2018·Neuroimmunomodulation·Ana Clara LibermanClaudio A Serfaty
Dec 23, 2021·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Paola FabbrizioGiovanni Nardo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Blood Brain Barrier Chips

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of endothelial cells that regulate the influx and outflux of plasma concentrations. Lab-on-a-chip devices allow scientists to model diseases and mechanisms such as the passage of therapeutic antibodies across the BBB. Discover the latest research on BBB chips here.

Astrocytes

Astrocytes are glial cells that support the blood-brain barrier, facilitate neurotransmission, provide nutrients to neurons, and help repair damaged nervous tissues. Here is the latest research.

ALS: Pathogenic Mechanisms

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by muscle weakness. Here is the latest research investigating pathogenic mechanisms that underlie this genetically heterogeneous disorder.

Blood Brain Barrier & Cytokines

Some cytokines are able to cross the blood brain barrier through transport systems and enter the cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid spaces. Here is the latest research on cytokines crossing the blood brain barrier and how this can affect tissues within the CNS.

Amyloid Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive nervous system disease associated with the death of neurons that control voluntary muscles. Discover the latest research on ALS here.

Astrocytes & Neurodegeneration

Astrocytes are important for the health and function of the central nervous system. When these cells stop functioning properly, either through gain of function or loss of homeostatic controls, neurodegenerative diseases can occur. Here is the latest research on astrocytes and neurodegeneration.

Related Papers

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
Jun-Jun CaoYan-Qin Shen
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved