Non-oxidative glucose disposal is reduced in type 2 diabetes, but can be restored by aerobic exercise

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
Hisayo YokoyamaYoshiki Nishizawa

Abstract

Whole-body glucose utilization consists of mitochondrial glucose oxidation and non-oxidative glycogen synthesis. We examined whether reduction of both non-oxidative glucose disposal and glucose oxidation contributes to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. We also examined the effects of exercise on these two components. Whole-body glucose disposal rate (GDR, mg/kg/min) was evaluated in 37 type 2 diabetic (T2DM) and 17 non-diabetic (non-DM) subjects as the mean of glucose infusion rate during steady state in the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp study. Glucose oxidation rates were assessed by indirect calorimetry, and non-oxidative GDR was calculated by subtracting glucose oxidation rate from GDR. Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content of the soleus muscle was measured using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In 10 T2DM subjects, the changes in oxidative and non-oxidative glucose disposal during clamp were examined after 3-month exercise intervention. GDR (2.93 +/- 1.55 vs. 4.55 +/- 1.83, p = 0.001) and non-oxidative GDR (1.45 +/- 1.52 vs. 3.01 +/- 1.87, p = 0.002) were significantly lower in T2DM than in non-DM subjects. Glucose oxidation rate was comparable in the two groups, and inversely correlated with IMCL (n = 15, r...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 3, 2009·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Kenro NishidaMotoaki Shichiri
Mar 21, 2013·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Keiko KorenagaKeisuke Hino
Nov 10, 2017·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Bram BrouwersPatrick Schrauwen
Jan 21, 2020·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Yumie TakeshitaToshinari Takamura
Nov 24, 2015·American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine·Karla I GalavizMary Beth Weber
Jan 26, 2021·Frontiers in Nutrition·Michelle D PangEllen E Blaak

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