Abstract
Plasticizers have been widely used for decades as additives in diverse applications, including consumer and building products, toys, cables, and floorings. Due to toxicological concerns and restrictions of different dialkyl ortho-phthalates, other plasticizers have been increasingly used in recent years. Therefore, di-isononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate (ATBC), and trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM) plasticizer levels in indoor air and dust samples from 63 daycare centers in Germany were measured. Moreover, the urine samples of 208 children who attend 27 of these facilities were analyzed for the presence of four DINCH metabolites. DINCH, DEHT, and DEHA were present in indoor air with median values of 108 ng/m(3), 20 ng/m(3), and 34 ng/m(3), respectively. Median values of 302 mg/kg for DINCH, 49 mg/kg for DEHA, 40 mg/kg for DEHT, and 24 mg/kg ATBC were found in dust. In the urine samples, the three secondary metabolites of DINCH were observed with median values (95th percentiles) of 1.7 μg/l (10.0 μg/l) for OH-MINCH, 1.5 μg/l (8.0 μg/l) for oxo-MINCH, and 1.1 μg/l (6.1 μg/l) for cx-MINCH. Overall, these metabolite levels are ...Continue Reading
References
Nov 1, 1995·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·E D Barber, D C Topping
Mar 8, 2007·Birth Defects Research. Part B, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology·Willem D FaberKaren Ruble
Jul 6, 2007·Environment International·Hermann FrommeGabriele Bolte
Dec 14, 2007·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·James A Deyo
Sep 21, 2010·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Regine NagorkaHeinz-Jörn Moriske
Apr 19, 2011·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Stéphanie GenayPascal Odou
May 28, 2011·Toxicology Letters·U WirnitzerA Schachtrupp
Nov 5, 2011·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Gwendolyn L BallVirunya S Bhat
Apr 17, 2012·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·André SchützeHolger M Koch
Sep 6, 2012·The Science of the Total Environment·Tomas HolmgrenPeter Haglund
Dec 4, 2012·Archives of Toxicology·Holger M KochThomas Brüning
Dec 19, 2012·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Hermann FrommeWolfgang Völkel
May 21, 2013·Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine·Rui ZhongJiaxin Liu
Sep 14, 2013·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·André SchützeHolger M Koch
Oct 10, 2013·Environment International·H FrommeW Völkel
Mar 19, 2014·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Virunya S BhatJ Caroline English
May 7, 2014·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Johnathan R FurrLeon E Gray
Jul 18, 2014·Environment International·H FrommeT Göen
Citations
Jan 14, 2016·Environment International·M J Gomez RamosJ F Mueller
Feb 27, 2016·Toxicology Letters·Wolfgang VölkelHermann Fromme
Mar 16, 2016·Archives of Toxicology·André SchützeHolger M Koch
Oct 21, 2016·Environmental Research·Georgios GiovanoulisStefan Voorspoels
Oct 21, 2016·Environmental Research·Lidia Mínguez-AlarcónUNKNOWN Earth Study Team
Oct 11, 2016·BMC Structural Biology·Ishfaq A SheikhMohd A Beg
Oct 30, 2016·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Antonia M CalafatLee-Yang Wong
Nov 21, 2016·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Lindsay M RasmussenZelieann R Craig
Jan 28, 2017·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Gregor McCombieMaurus Biedermann
Jan 7, 2017·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Mary S WolffDana B Barr
May 10, 2017·Biology of Reproduction·Lindsay M RasmussenZelieann R Craig
May 9, 2018·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·Wolfram BirmiliTunga Salthammer
Mar 15, 2018·Angewandte Chemie·Tunga SalthammerCharles J Weschler
May 10, 2019·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·Erik UhdeTunga Salthammer
Jun 28, 2019·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Ana Luísa VasconcelosHenriqueta Louro
Sep 29, 2017·Archives of Toxicology·Wolfgang VölkelHermann Fromme
Apr 10, 2019·Polymers·Roya JamaraniMilan Marić
Nov 24, 2020·Environment International·Katrin VorkampCathrine Thomsen
Oct 20, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Soy KimHyo-Bang Moon
Jan 14, 2021·Indoor Air·Wenjuan WeiCorinne Mandin
Jul 18, 2020·Environmental Research·Gowoon LeeKyungho Choi
Apr 8, 2018·Environmental Research·Nadine StecklingDimosthenis A Sarigiannis
Feb 15, 2020·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Soy KimHyo-Bang Moon
Jan 6, 2021·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Amany BehairyYasmina M Abd-Elhakim
Apr 21, 2021·Indoor Air·Sarka LangerLinnéa Karlson
Mar 23, 2019·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Teuta EljeziEmmanuel Moreau
Jun 24, 2019·Environment International·Georgios GiovanoulisAnne Lagerqvist
Jun 20, 2021·Chemosphere·Yin-E LiuBi-Xian Mai
Jul 14, 2021·Environment International·Yaoxing WuYing Xu
Aug 4, 2021·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Youngju KimHyo-Bang Moon
Dec 9, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Chenyang BiYing Xu
Sep 24, 2021·Heliyon·Noha SaadAjay Pradhan
Oct 3, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Yayun ZhangGuanyong Su
Nov 3, 2021·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Ishfaq Ahmad Sheikh, Mohd Amin Beg
Dec 1, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Inae LeeKyungho Choi