Non-synaptic receptors and transporters involved in brain functions and targets of drug treatment.

British Journal of Pharmacology
E S ViziArpad Mike

Abstract

Beyond direct synaptic communication, neurons are able to talk to each other without making synapses. They are able to send chemical messages by means of diffusion to target cells via the extracellular space, provided that the target neurons are equipped with high-affinity receptors. While synaptic transmission is responsible for the 'what' of brain function, the 'how' of brain function (mood, attention, level of arousal, general excitability, etc.) is mainly controlled non-synaptically using the extracellular space as communication channel. It is principally the 'how' that can be modulated by medicine. In this paper, we discuss different forms of non-synaptic transmission, localized spillover of synaptic transmitters, local presynaptic modulation and tonic influence of ambient transmitter levels on the activity of vast neuronal populations. We consider different aspects of non-synaptic transmission, such as synaptic-extrasynaptic receptor trafficking, neuron-glia communication and retrograde signalling. We review structural and functional aspects of non-synaptic transmission, including (i) anatomical arrangement of non-synaptic release sites, receptors and transporters, (ii) intravesicular, intra- and extracellular concentrati...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 12, 2013·Cell and Tissue Research·Elmira Anderzhanova, Carsten T Wotjak
Jan 14, 2011·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Michael H BaumannRichard B Rothman
Aug 30, 2013·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Jason P ChanDerek Sieburth
Mar 29, 2013·Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical·Raj K Goyal, Arun Chaudhury
Sep 17, 2014·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Hajime HiraseTsuneko Mishima
Aug 13, 2011·Current Opinion in Cardiology·Mukul Sharma
Mar 5, 2013·Biological Psychiatry·Andrzej PilcPhil Skolnick
Jan 15, 2013·Brain Research Bulletin·E Sylvester Vizi, Andres Buonanno
Dec 1, 2012·Brain Research Bulletin·Olga Kopach, Nana Voitenko
Nov 15, 2012·Brain Research Bulletin·Manuel RodriguezIngrid Morales
Oct 11, 2012·Brain Research Bulletin·Rómeó D Andó, Beáta Sperlágh
Aug 29, 2012·Brain Research Bulletin·Naoki Kotani, Norio Akaike
Mar 1, 2012·Neuropharmacology·Jennifer A Parker, Stephen R Bloom
Jul 10, 2010·Brain Research Bulletin·Stacy NorrellNachum Dafny
Oct 28, 2015·ACS Chemical Neuroscience·Friederike MatthaeusThorsten Lau
Nov 26, 2015·Neural Regeneration Research·Patrick SchlossThorsten Lau
Aug 25, 2015·Progress in Neurobiology·Luca Raiteri, Maurizio Raiteri
May 27, 2015·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Mariza BortolanzaElaine Del-Bel
Dec 22, 2014·Journal of Neuroscience Methods·Thorsten LauPatrick Schloss

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