Non-Targeted Effects Models Predict Significantly Higher Mars Mission Cancer Risk than Targeted Effects Models

Scientific Reports
Francis A Cucinotta, Eliedonna Cacao

Abstract

Cancer risk is an important concern for galactic cosmic ray (GCR) exposures, which consist of a wide-energy range of protons, heavy ions and secondary radiation produced in shielding and tissues. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) factors for surrogate cancer endpoints in cell culture models and tumor induction in mice vary considerable, including significant variations for different tissues and mouse strains. Many studies suggest non-targeted effects (NTE) occur for low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, leading to deviation from the linear dose response model used in radiation protection. Using the mouse Harderian gland tumor experiment, the only extensive data-set for dose response modelling with a variety of particle types (>4), for the first-time a particle track structure model of tumor prevalence is used to investigate the effects of NTEs in predictions of chronic GCR exposure risk. The NTE model led to a predicted risk 2-fold higher compared to a targeted effects model. The scarcity of data with animal models for tissues that dominate human radiation cancer risk, including lung, colon, breast, liver, and stomach, suggest that studies of NTEs in other tissues are urgently needed prior to long-term...Continue Reading

References

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Sep 25, 2016·Life Sciences in Space Research·Francis A CucinottaMark P Little

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Citations

Jan 24, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Joseph J Bevelacqua, S M J Mortazavi
Dec 26, 2017·Frontiers in Oncology·Marco DuranteJay S Loeffler
Mar 24, 2018·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Scott Bright, Munira Kadhim
Dec 24, 2018·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·Francis A CucinottaPremkumar B Saganti
Dec 30, 2017·Radiation Research·Dae Woong HamRainer K Sachs
Aug 16, 2019·Radiation Research·Eliedonna Cacao, Francis A Cucinotta
Sep 7, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Megumi HadaFrancis A Cucinotta
Apr 13, 2018·NPJ Microgravity·Jeffery C ChancellorAnn R Kennedy
Feb 4, 2019·Radiation and Environmental Biophysics·Edward Greg HuangRainer K Sachs
Jan 5, 2021·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·Igor Shuryak, David J Brenner
May 18, 2020·Life Sciences in Space Research·Deepa M SridharanJanice M Pluth

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chromosomal aberrations
γ-ray

Software Mentioned

HZETRN
HZE

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