Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pros and Cons of Histologic Systems of Evaluation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Elizabeth M Brunt

Abstract

The diagnostic phenotype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)--in particular, the most significant form in terms of prognosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)--continues to rely on liver tissue evaluation, in spite of remarkable advances in non-invasive algorithms developed from serum-based tests and imaging-based or sonographically-based tests for fibrosis or liver stiffness. The most common tissue evaluation remains percutaneous liver biopsy; considerations given to the needle size and the location of the biopsy have the potential to yield the most representative tissue for evaluation. The pathologist's efforts are directed to not only global diagnosis, but also assessment of severity of injury. Just as in other forms of chronic liver disease, these assessments can be divided into necroinflammatory activity, and fibrosis with parenchymal remodeling, in order to separately analyze potentially reversible (grade) and non-reversible (stage) lesions. These concepts formed the bases for current methods of evaluating the lesions that collectively comprise the phenotypic spectra of NAFLD. Four extant methods have specific applications; there are pros and cons to each, and this forms the basis of the review.

References

Sep 14, 1999·The American Journal of Gastroenterology·E M BruntB R Bacon
Dec 29, 1999·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·E M Brunt
May 26, 2005·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·David E KleinerUNKNOWN Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network
Jun 9, 2005·Gastroenterology·Vlad RatziuUNKNOWN LIDO Study Group
Aug 24, 2005·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Jeffrey B SchwimmerJoel E Lavine
Aug 19, 2007·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Steven P LarsonStephen A Harrison
Jan 24, 2009·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Raj VuppalanchiNaga Chalasani
Dec 22, 2010·Journal of Hepatology·Sweta TandraNaga Chalasani
Feb 15, 2011·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Elizabeth M BruntUNKNOWN NASH Clinical Research Network (CRN)
Mar 16, 2012·Seminars in Liver Disease·David E Kleiner, Elizabeth M Brunt
Mar 27, 2012·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Dawn M TorresStephen A Harrison
Jun 19, 2012·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Pierre BedossaKarine Clement
Apr 23, 2014·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Pierre Bedossa, UNKNOWN FLIP Pathology Consortium
Jan 1, 2015·Nature Reviews. Disease Primers·Elizabeth M BruntMary E Rinella

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 22, 2016·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jie XiongFengling Chen
Oct 13, 2016·Clinical and Molecular Hepatology·Hyunwoo OhMindie H Nguyen
Jan 31, 2017·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Yan WangArun J Sanyal
Jun 1, 2017·The Nurse Practitioner·Jessica Wisocky, Sonali Paul
Dec 12, 2017·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Fabio NascimbeniAmedeo Lonardo
Sep 13, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Amedeo Lonardo, Giovanni Targher
Feb 7, 2018·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Thierry PoynardUNKNOWN FLIP Consortium, the FibroFrance-CPAM Group, the FibroFrance-Obese Group
Sep 2, 2017·The International Journal of Biological Markers·Luca MieleAntonio Grieco
Oct 12, 2017·Der Pathologe·P DöringF Dombrowski
Sep 27, 2018·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Naga ChalasaniArun J Sanyal
Jul 15, 2020·Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology·Mousumi RoyJun Kong
Nov 1, 2017·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Amedeo LonardoLuigi Elio Adinolfi
Feb 7, 2018·Hepatology Communications·Elizabeth M Brunt
Jan 4, 2019·Obesity Surgery·T J I De MunckG H Koek
Jun 28, 2020·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·Paula DöringFrank Dombrowski
Sep 3, 2020·Pharmaceuticals·Rohitash Jamwal, Benjamin J Barlock
Oct 11, 2019·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Feng LiuLai Wei
Apr 2, 2020·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy·Aline David-SilvaUbiratan Fabres Machado
Apr 16, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Paulina KurBarbara Wiszniewska
Sep 24, 2018·Current Gastroenterology Reports·Pichamol Jirapinyo, Christopher C Thompson
Feb 13, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Amedeo Lonardo
Apr 20, 2021·Journal of the Endocrine Society·Michael P FranczykJun Yoshino

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
biopsies

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.