Nonanoic Acid, a Fungal Self-Inhibitor, Prevents Germination of Rhizopus oligosporus Sporangiospores by Dissipation of the pH Gradient.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
P BreeuwerT Abee

Abstract

Germination of Rhizopus oligosporus sporangiospores is characterized by swelling of the spores and subsequent emergence of germ tubes. Changes in spore morphology and alterations in intracellular pH (pH(infin)) of the sporangiospores were assessed during the germination process by flow cytometry. Sporangiospores were stained with carboxyfluorescein by incubation with carboxyfluorescein diacetate. The nonfluorescent carboxyfluorescein diacetate is passively transported into intact cells and subsequently cleaved by esterases, which results in intracellular accumulation of the fluorescent carboxyfluorescein. Given that the fluorescence of carboxyfluorescein is pH dependent, the pH(infin) of the individual spores could be assessed simultaneously with spore size. For R. oligosporus, swelling of the sporangiospores was accompanied by an increase of pH(infin). In the presence of nonanoic acid, a self-inhibitor produced by various fungi, increase of the pH(infin) was prevented and swelling was inhibited at concentrations of less than 1 mM. Octanoic acid and decanoic acid were equally effective. Acetic acid also inhibited germination but at much higher concentrations (>8 mM). The mechanism of action of these fatty acids is most likely d...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 6, 2004·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·Shuji TaniHoward S Judelson
Aug 21, 2020·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Mahaldeep Kaur, Rachna Singh
Mar 9, 2005·Journal of Applied Microbiology·M J R Nout, J L Kiers
Aug 12, 1999·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·S Brul, F M Klis
May 3, 2000·International Journal of Food Microbiology·P Breeuwer, T Abee
May 26, 2005·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Gilma S ChitarraJan Dijksterhuis

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