Nonhuman primate models for islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes research

ILAR Journal
Lakshmi K Gaur

Abstract

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease that causes a progressive destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. As a result, the patient requires exogenous insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Both the pancreas and the islets of Langerhans have been transplanted successfully in humans and in animal models, resulting in full normalization of glucose homeostasis. However, insulin independence, transient or persistent, was documented in only a small fraction of cases until recently. The chronic immunosuppression required to avoid immunological rejection appears to be toxic to the islets and adds the risk of lymphoproliferative disease reported earlier. For islet transplantation to become the method of choice, it is essential first to identify islet-friendly immunosuppressive regimens and/or to develop methods that induce donor-specific tolerance and improve islet isolation and transplantation protocols. Indeed, researchers have already successfully allografted islets in the presence of nonsteroidal immunosuppression in a process known as the Edmonton protocol. An alternative method, gene therapy, could replace these other methods and better meet the insulin requirement of an individual without requirin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2004·ILAR Journal·Stephen W Barthold
Mar 2, 2011·Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods·Kylie KavanaghJanice D Wagner
Mar 31, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Melanie L Graham, Henk-Jan Schuurman

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