Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure

Critical Care Medicine
N Abou-Shala, U Meduri

Abstract

a) To describe the introduction of noninvasive means to provide positive-pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure; b) to describe the physiologic response to noninvasive ventilation; c) to review the current published literature on using noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic respiratory failure; d) to describe the technique of applying mask ventilation and current recommendations for using noninvasive ventilation and current recommendations for using noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure; and e) to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive ventilation. All relevant articles published in the English medical literature from 1988 through August 1994 were retrieved through a MEDLINE search, as well as from the author's experience. Studies were selected based on the use of positive-pressure mechanical ventilation delivered, using facial or nasal masks in various acute settings of respiratory failure. The authors extracted all applicable data. Studies were analyzed according to the type of respiratory failure (hypercapnic vs. hypoxemic) and underlying conditions where noninvasive ventilation seemed to be a better alternative. The results were ev...Continue Reading

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